An induction motor is the most modest electrical machine from a constructional point of the view, Induction motor works o the principle of induction where the electromagnetic field is induced into the rotor when the rotating magnetic field of the stator cuts the stationary rotor. So here this article gives the main key advantages and disadvantages of Induction motor to better understand this topic.
Advantages ad disadvantages of induction motor:
- Induction motor is very cheap in cost to compare other motors.
- It is a highly efficient motor. The efficacy of induction motor from 85% to 95%.
- The maintenance of an induction motor is very less compared to the other motor like DC motor and synchronous motor.
- As the working of an induction motor is very simple.
- The construction of an induction motor is very robust and sturdy.
- An induction motor can e operated in a polluted and explosive environment as they do not have a brush which can cause sparks.
- The brushes are not used in an induction motor. So, there are no sparks in the motor and it can e used in polluted and hazardous environments.
- Only one AC source requires to operate. So it does not require DC excitation like a decision synchronous motor.
- 3 phase induction motor is the self-starting motor. So, any special starting arrangement or extra starting motor will not be required.
Disadvantages of induction motor:
- The power factor of the motor is very low during the light load conditions.
- The Single-phase induction motor is not self-starting. It requires some auxiliary for stating.
- The motor cannot use in such applications where high starting torque is necessary like traction and for lifting weight.
- The three-phase induction motor is a constant speed motor. The change in the speed of the motor is very low during different loading conditions. So, The speed control of the Induction motor is too much difficult.
- During light load condition. it operates at a very low power factor. because of this, it draws a higher current. Which results in higher copper loss and less efficiency.
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