UDP stands for user datagram protocol. UDP is a connectionless protocol in which data needed to send in chunks. UDP doesn't have error checking mechanism that is why it is less reliable but is faster in data transmission.
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Advantages of UDP :
- UDP does not need to require a connection to be established and maintained
- UDP uses a small packet size with a small header. This fewer bytes in the overhead makes UDP protocol need for less time in processing the packet as well as needless memory
- UDP uses checksum with all packets for error detection
- UDP can be used in events where a single packet of data needs to be exchanged between the hosts
- Broadcast and multicast transmission are available with UDP
- UDP doesn't restrict you to a connection based communication model, so startup latency in distributed applications is much lower, as is operating system overhead fast
- UDP makes it faster as it need not have to wait on ACK or need have to data in memory until they are ACKed
- All flow control, ack, transaction logging, etc is up to user programs, a broken OS implementation is not going to get in your way. Additionally, you only need to implement and also use the features you have to need
- The reception of UDP packet get them unmanaged including block boundary
- You want the application to have detailed control over what is sent across the network, UDP changes it to be little
- No connection state data in the end hosts hence a server can support more UDP client than TCP
- UDP communication can be more efficient than a guaranteed delivery data stream
Disadvantages of UDP :
- UDP is an unreliable and connectionless protocol.
- UDP has no windowing and no function to ensure data is received in the same order as it was transmitted
- UDP does not use any error control. So UDP detects an error in the received packet. It silently drops it
- The router can be careless with UDP. They do not retransmit a UDP datagram after the collision and will often discard UDP packets before TCP packets
- There is no flow control and no acknowledgement for received data
- Only the application layer deals with error recovery. Hence applications can simply turn to the user to send the message again
- In UDP a large number of users, transmitting a lot of data via UDP can cause congestion and no one do anything about it, so no congestion control
- UDP has no flow control, congestion control. Implementation is the duty of the user program
- They are no guaranteed with UDP. So a packet may not be delivered or delivered twice or delivered must be out of order; you get no indication of this unless the listening program at the other end decides to say something