The strongest form of magnetism is ferromagnetism, which comes in a variety of conditions. Ferromagnetic materials show spontaneous net magnetization at the atomic level even in the absence of an external magnetic field. When exposed to an external magnetic field, ferromagnetic materials become strongly magnetised in the direction of the field.
Properties of Ferromagnetic Materials
- Atomic domains of ferromagnetic materials contain permanent dipole moments.
- In ferromagnetic materials, atomic dipoles are oriented in the same plane as the external magnetic field.
- Ferromagnetic materials are strongly attracted to the subject matter specialists. They are therefore more likely to stay at the poles where the area is most important in a non-uniform field.
- Since the field is strongest at the poles, if a watch glass is placed on two bars that are sufficiently apart, ferromagnetic will accumulate at the sides and show depression in the middle.
- Due to the elevated temperature, a ferromagnetic substance loses its ferromagnetic characteristics when it is liquefied.
- The field inside the material is much stronger than the magnetizing field, which results in a relative permeability that is also very high and changes linearly with the magnetizing area. They frequently cause many force lines to be drawn into the material.
- The solid magnetic dipole moment is located in the direction of the magnetising field.
- A solid positive magnetization exists, and its intensity(M) varies linearly with the magnetizing field (H). So, the nature of the material determines saturation.
- When a ferromagnetic material specimen is magnetized by gradually increasing the magnetizing field, the magnetic flux change through the material occurs in discrete small steps rather than continuously.
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