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19 November 2017

What is Bluetooth technology | History | Features | Advantages | Frame structure | Applications |

Definition :


Bluetooth is an open standard that provides an ad-hoc way for connecting devices in the 10 m range. 

Bluetooth operates in the 2.4 GHz band and also uses a frequency hopping TDD method for each radio signal.

Bluetooth is a short-range, low cost, and also a power-efficient radio frequency based on technology that supports both point-to-point and point-to-multi-point connections. Bluetooth as it transmits information from one device to other devices.

History of Bluetooth technology :


 The Bluetooth name is taken a 10th-century Danish king named Harald Bluetooth, who was said to unite disparate, warring regional functions. 

 1994 - Bluetooth was intended in the year 1994 as a wireless replacement cable. It uses the same 2.4 GHz frequency as some other wireless technologies in the home or office, such as cordless phones and WiFi routers.
1998 - Special interest group form
1999 - Bluetooth 1.0 specification release
2000 - For the first time, Bluetooth enabled mobile phone, PC card, Mouse, headset and  also laptop are unveiled
2001 -  Bluetooth SIG increase is formed, First hands-free car kit is launched
2002 - First GPS receiver and Bluetooth enabled digital camera, IEEE approved 802.15.1 specification for Bluetooth technology
2003 - First Bluetooth enabled MP3 player launched
2004 - Bluetooth  SIG adopts enhanced data rate, Bluetooth technology embedded in 250 million devices
2006 - Bluetooth is installed in a total of 1 billion devices

Bluetooth is managed by a Bluetooth special interest group called SIG, which has more than 30000 member companies in the area of telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer electronics. 

 The IEEE standard Bluetooth as IEEE 802.15.1, but no longer maintains the standard. A manufacturer must meet Bluetooth SIG standards form to market it as a Bluetooth device. 

How does Bluetooth work?


Bluetooth sends and receives a radio wave in a band of total 79 different frequencies called channels centered on 2.45 GHz, set apart from radio, cellphone, television and reserved for use by industrial, scientific and medical gadgets. 

 Bluetooth is a short range transmitter is one of its biggest plus points. They use virtually no power just because they don't travel far, are theoretically more secure than wireless networks that operate over longer ranges, such as Wi-Fi.

 Bluetooth is a device that automatically detects and connects to one another and up to eight of them can communicate at any one time and also have to remember that they don't interfere with one another because each pair of devices uses a different one of the total 79 available channels. 

 So if two devices want to talk, they pick channel randomly and if that is already taken, randomly switch to one of the other techniques known ass spread spectrum hopping. One thing also remembers that when a group of two or more Bluetooth devices is sharing information together, they form a kind of ad-hoc, minicomputer called as a piconet. Two or more separate piconets can also join up and share information forming that called a scatternet.

Features of Bluetooth : 
  • Better IOT
  • Quick data transfer
  • Better audio quality
  • Easy transport
  • Less power consumption
  • Available at the cheaper rate 
  • Less complication
  • Robustness
  • Available everywhere
  • Increases numbers of advertising packets
  • Provide location-based services
For detailed information :
Read more >> Features of Bluetooth

Bluetooth standard releases :

 1.Bluetooth standard version: 1.0 
   Release date: July 1999
   Key features: Draft version of the Bluetooth standard 

 2.Bluetooth standard version: 1.0a
   Release date: July 1999
   Key features: First published version of the Bluetooth standard 

 3.Bluetooth standard version: 1.0b
   Release date: Dec 1999
   Key features: Small update to cure minor problems and issues

 4.Bluetooth standard version: 1.0b + CE 
   Release date: Nov 2000
   Key features: Critical errata added to issue 1.0b of the Bluetooth standards 

 5.Bluetooth standard version: 1.1
   Release date: Feb 2001
   Key features: This useable release. It was used by the IEEE for their standard IEEE form     802.15.1 - 2002
6. Bluetooth standard version: 1.2
    Release date: Nov 2003
Key features: This release of the Bluetooth standard added new facilities including frequency hopping and eSCO for improved voice performance. It was released by the IEEE as IEEE 802.15.1 - 2005. This was the last version issued by IEEE.

 7. Bluetooth standard version: 2.1 
   Release date: July 2007
  Key features: This version of the Bluetooth standards added secure simple pairing to      improve security 

 8. Bluetooth standard version: 4
    Release date: Dec 2009
    Key features: The Bluetooth standard was updated to include Bluettoh low energy                formerly  known as wibree

 Explore more information about Wireless Communication : 

Advantages of Bluetooth :

  • Easy to install
  • It is cheap
  • No line of sight 
  • Lower power consumption
  • It is free to use
  • Used for voice and data transfer
  • It is easily upgradable
  • Data communication is more secure
  • Pass through walls 
  • Less interference 

Disadvantages of Bluetooth :

  • Very low bandwidth
  • Can allow on short-range communication 
  • Bluetooth can connect two devices at once
  • Can be hacked into
  • It can lose connection in certain conditions
  • Battery exhausted faster when the Bluetooth is ON 
For detailed information :

Application of Bluetooth :

  • Medical requirement
  • Vending machines
  • Bluetooth car kit
  • Vending machines
  • Vehicle communication system
  • Microwave ovens
  • Electronic payment system
  • Banking 
  • Headsets and pagers
For detailed information :

Bluetooth frame structure :

  • Access code
  • Header
  • Address field
  • Types field 
  • Flow bit
  • ACK bit 
  • Sequence bit
For detailed information :

Bluetooth frame structure
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