The Z transform has a real and imaginary part like Fourier transform. A plot of imaginary part versus the real part is called a Z plane or complex Z plane.
The pole-zero plot is the main characteristic of discrete time LTI systems full form. We can also check the stability of the system using a pole-zero plot. Z transform used for many signal processing
There are two types of Z transform :
1. Single sided Z transform
2. Double-sided Z transform
1. Single sided Z transform :
As we know that a single-sided Z transform of discrete time signal x (n) is defined as,
∞
X (Z) = ∑ x (n) Z -n
n=0
Here "Z" is a complex variable. In this equation limits of summation are from the 0 too ∞. So while expanding the summation we will put only positive values of n (from the range n = 0 ton = ∞). So this is single-sided or one-sided Z- transform.
2. Double-sided Z transform
As we know that a double-sided Z transform of discrete time signal x (n) is defined as,
∞
X (Z) = ∑ x (n) Z -n
n= - ∞
While expanding the summation we will put both positive as well as negative values of "n". Thus this is called a double-sided Z transform.
How to denote Z transform?
The relationship between x(n) and X(Z) is indicated as given below :
Z
x (n) ↔ X (Z)
Note that X (Z) is Z transform of x (n), always when Z transform of the sequence is obtained then it is denoted by capital letter, X (Z) Here arrow is bidirectional. This is because we can also obtain x (n) from X (Z) using the inverse Z transform.
The Z transform of x (n) is also denoted as in this form,
X (Z) = Z { x(n) }
So here x (n) and X(Z) are called as Z transform pairs.
In same way if we want to analyze a system, which is already represented in frequency domain, a discrete time signal then we go for inverse Z transformation.
In same way if we want to analyze a system, which is already represented in frequency domain, a discrete time signal then we go for inverse Z transformation.