Almost 70% of the machines used in industries nowadays are 3 phase induction motor. It works on the principle of the induction moto where the emf is induced into the rotor conductors when rotations magnetic field cuts the stationary rotor conductor. Here this article gives the advantages of induction motor compared to the DC motor and synchronous motors also gives some disadvantages of induction motor compared to other motor are listed below.
Advantages of induction motor:
- It is a very cheap cost compare to the other motors.
- This motor is a highly efficient motor. The efficiency of the induction motor is varying from 85 to 95%.
- The maintenance of an induction motor is very less compared to the DC motor and synchronous motor.
- The working of an induction motor is very simple and unique.
- The construction of an induction motor is robust and also sturdy.
- In this motor, only the AC source requires to operate. It does not require DC excitation like the use of a synchronous motor.
- In this motor, the speed variation from no load to rated load is very less.
- The induction motor is famous for its durability. This makes it the ideal machine for many of the uses. This results in the motor run for many years with no cost and maintenance.
- Due to the absence of brushes, there are no sparks in the motor. It can also be operated in hazardous conditions.
- Unlike synchronous motors, a 3 phase induction motor has high starting torque, good speed regulation, and also reasonable overload capacity.
Disadvantages of induction motor:
- The power factor of the motor is very low during light load conditions.
- During light load conditions, it operates at a very low power factor.
- It has low efficiency.
- Single-phase induction motor is not self-starting. It requires some auxiliary for stating.
- This motor cannot use in such applications where the uses of high starting torque is necessary like traction and lifting weight.
- The change in the speed of the motor is very low loading different loading conditions, so the speed control of IM is difficult.
- The speed of the motor is very low during different loading conditioned so, the speed control of the induction motor is difficult.
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