Difference between volte and LTE

The terms LTE and VoLTE are often thrown around so much, especially when it comes to marketing, that their meaning is often confused and muddled so that they often don't understand what the terms mean or what they entail. Both are often used together for marketing but in reality, the two are completely different things though one is depended on the other. 

VoLTE network supports both voice and data same time without hampering the other. Whereas the traditional LTE network may or may not support data and voice together or may affect the quality of the voice call.

The main key difference between VoLTE and LTE are given below.
  • VoLTE stands for voice over LTE while LTE stands for long term evolution.
  • VoLTE designed to carry both voice and data while LTE is primarily designed to be data-only technology.
  • VoLTE support voice as well as data while LTE does not natively support voice transmission.
  • In  VoLTE voice quality remains excellent when a data connection is on while the quality of voice reduce if the data connection is left on in LTE device.

Here this pose also give why VoLTE is better than LTE?
  • Voice quality is better in VoLTE.
  • VoLTE can connect calls faster.
  • Use of VoLTE may save phone battery.
  • VoLTE allows you video calls without using any third-party apps.
  • You can keep the data connection on while making a voice call.

Summary:
  • LTE is the next generation of mobile technology.
  • LTE offers a high data transfer rate over a 4G network.
  • VoLTE supports both voice and data simultaneously without affecting the quality of others.

Difference between resistance and impedance

Definition of resistance and impedance:

 Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current offered by a substance. It is represented by the R.

 Impedance is total opposition to the flow of AC current because of any three components that are resistive, capacitive or inductive. It is represented by Z.

 The basic difference between resistance and impedance is explained below keeping in mind the various factors like the basic definition of resistance and impedance, real and imaginary numbers, phase angle, power dissipation, and energy stored. 

 The main key difference between resistance and impedance are given below.
  • Resistor occurs in both AC and DC circuit whereas impedance takes place the contribution of both resistance in an AC circuit.
  • Resistance is the contribution of the resistive element in the circuit while the contribution of both resistance and reactance forms impedance.
  • Resistance denoted by R while impedance denoted by Z.
  • The opposition offered to the flow of current in an electric circuit whether AC or DC is known as the resistance, the opposition offered to the flow of current in an AC circuit because of resistance, capacitance and inductance are known as impedance.
  • Impedance has both magnitude and phase angle whereas resistance does not have any phase angle.
  • The resistance of the circuit does not vary according to the frequency of AC or DC whereas impedance varies with the change in frequency.
  • Impedance is subjected to a magnetic field it represents both power dissipation and energy storage while resistance is an electromagnetic field represents power dissipation in any material.
  • Resistance is a simple value consisting of only real number while the impedance of both real and imaginary numbers.
  • Resistance is too much simple while in impedance will consider reactance in addition to resistance to determine it.
  • Impedance may often take into consideration the overall circuit while resistance may or may not.
  • Resistance is pure ohmic impedance.
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Difference between inductor and capacitor

The main key difference between the inductor and capacitor is that the inductor opposes an abrupt change in current whereas the capacitor opposes an abrupt change in voltage. This article is intended to cover the main difference between capacitor and inductor on the basis of units, energy storage, DC behavior, current flow, types, phasor diagram, applications, series, and parallel connection.

Inductor and capacitor both are the passive components of an electrical circuit. A capacitor consists of two metallic plates or conductor which are separated by a dielectric medium. An electric field set up because of the potential difference between the twp conductors or we can say between the two plates while in the inductor is the type of coil that stores energy in the form of magnetic flux. when an electric current is passed through a coil, voltage is developed across the coil due to a change in the magnetic field.

The main key difference between inductance and capacitance are given below.
  • Inductance is a property of current-carrying conductors which generates a magnetic field around the conductor while capacitance is the ability of a device to store electric charge.
  • Inductance is measured by henry(H) while in capacitance is measured in farads(F) and is symbolized as C.
  • In an inductor current passes through the coil but there is no flow of current through the capacitor plates but 
  • The capacitor acts as an insulator for the DC circuit whereas inductors act as a conductor for the DC circuit.
  • Inductor behaves as a short circuit to the steady-state condition in DC whereas the capacitor acts as an open circuit to the steady-state condition in DC circuit.
  • Capacitance stores energy in the form of electric field whereas inductor stores energy in the form of the magnetic field.
  • In an AC circuit for the capacitor, current leads voltage by 90 degrees and in case of inductor current lags voltage by 90 degrees.
  • Energy stored in the capacitor is calculated in terms of voltage (1/2*CV^2) while in inductor energy stored is calculated in terms of current, 1/2*LI^2.
  • Capacitance is the dominating component in high pass filter while in inductance is the dominating component in low pass filter.
  • Capacitance is associated with capacitors. there are several types of capacitors used in circuits while in inductor the electrical component associated with inductance is knowns as inductors which usually coils with core or without a core.
  • The inductor is equivalent to a short to the direct current while the capacitor acts as a short circuit in the alternating current.
  • An inductor resists the change in the current while capacitor resists the change in voltage.
  • Coupled inductor, multi-layers ceramic core inductor moulded inductor are some of the types of inductor while in ceramic, electrolytic and tantalum are some of the types of capacitor.
  • In case of the inductor when it is added in series with a resistor the value of current is small at starting but gradually it increases with time while in the capacitor is added in series with a resistor the current initially becomes high but later it falls to zero.
  • Low-frequency AC voltages cannot pass through capacitors as they act as barriers to low frequencies while in inductors response to slow changing voltages high-frequency AC voltage cannot pass through inductors.
  • The inductor is used in radio, TV, chokes, automobile spark plug, transformer, etc while in a capacitor is used in high voltage power supplies and where high capacity values are needed.
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Difference between resistor and capacitor

Resistor and capacitor are two of the most fundamental concept in electronics. These two ideas play a vital role in almost every electronic device we use today. We all know that resistor is the ability to resist the flow of electric current through it while the capacitor is the ability to oppose the change of voltage across it. Let us have a deep insight into the comparison between resistor and capacitor. 

 The main key difference between the resistor and the capacitor are given below.
  • The resistor is a represents the amount of resistance in an electrical circuit while the capacitor is a represents the amount in an electrical circuit.
  • Resistor dissipates energy in the form of heat, whereas capacitors store energy in an electric field.
  • Resistance is a value of the material itself, capacitance is a value of the combination of objects.
  • The resistor is an electronic component that limits or regulates the flow of current in a circuit while the capacitor is an electronic component that stores an electric charge in the form of an electrostatic field.
  • Resistance depends on the temperature while capacitance does not.
  • The function of the resistor is to control the flow of current to other components of a circuit whereas a capacitor is a function of to keep positive and negative charges separated from each other.
  • The resistor is measured in ohms while the capacitor is measured in farads.
  • Resistor behaves similarity to both AC and DC but capacitors act in two different manners.
  • Resistor=Volt/Current while Capacitor=Charge/Voltage.
  • In resistor hooked into a circuit to have the currents and voltages that you want precisely in your circuit while the capacitor is a charge and discharges the electric charge stored in the circuit.
  • Resister used in precision circuits, logic circuits, RF circuits and capacitor used in waveform generation, filtering, blocking and bypass applications. 
  • The resistor can not improve power factor whereas the capacitor used to improve power factor for inductive load. 
  • The resistor can not create a phase difference between current and voltage while the capacitor creates it.  
  • The resistor creates a unity power factor whereas the capacitor creates a leading power factor. 
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Difference between ups and inverter

Today we all know that electricity has become a necessity. Almost all of our work requires electricity. We need electricity for laptops, electric cookers, mobile, computers, coolers, phones, etc. The main difference between the UPS power supply provides power supply even when there is a power cut. UPS is mostly used for desktop computer backup while the inverter is a power backup solution. It converts DC  current to AC and supply. Here this post gives information about the difference between UPS and inverter to better understand this topic.
The main key differences between UPS and Inverter are given below.
  • UPS is the electric device that has a rectifier for providing the backup power to the system whereas the inverter converts the AC into DC. So the UPS provides the electrical backup power, and the inverter provides the electronics backup power supply.
  • The main function of the UPS is to store the electric supply while the inverter converts the AC power into DC power.
  • The UPS is more expensive as compared to the inverter device.
  • During the power outages, the UPS immediately switches over from the mains supply to the battery whereas the inverter has a time delay.
  • The UPS is directly connected to the home appliances whereas the inverter is first linked to the battery and then attached to the appliance circuits.
  • The online, offline, and line interruptive are the types of UPS but the inverter is of two types.
  • UPS, and Inverter both do not create noise.
  • UPS does not have voltage fluctuations compared to the inverter.
  • The UPS provides the backup supply for a very short duration while the inverter supplies the power for an extended period.
  • The UPS does not have voltage fluctuation because its input is independent of the output supply while the inverter has too much voltage variation.
  • The UPS is used for domestic purposes like offices, and industries whereas the inverter is used in the office.
  • The rectifier and battery are built into the circuit of the UPS while inverter has an external battery for storing the DC power.
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Advantages and disadvantages of star and delta connection

A star-delta starter is the most commonly used method for the stating of 3 phase induction motor. In star connection, the starting or finishing ends of three coils are connected together to form the neutral point. A common wire is taken out from the neutral point which is called neutral while in delta connection the opposite end of three coils is connected together. Here this page gives information about the pros and cons of star and delta connection to better understand this topic.


Advantages of star connections:
  • Used for high voltage
  • Common neutral point
  • Good for unbalanced loading
  • Each phase is a separate circuit
  • Dual voltage applications 
  • Star connection can distribute the load evenly
  • Star connection alternator requires lesser insulation
  • Star connection alternator requires a lesser number of turns than delta for the same voltage
  • Ability to spread the load between the phases
  • Availability of single phase at a lower voltage
  • The neutral point can be earthed

Disadvantages of star connections:
  • Less torque
  • Construction involves combining 3 single phases into 1
  • Secondary distribution, light-duty applications
  • Construction cost is more expensive

Advantages of delts connections:
  • More torque
  • Efficient
  • Simple motor design
  • Heavy-duty application
  • Protection is simple and less costly
  • Used in rotatory conveyors
  • While use delta connection, less current per winding for the same power output
  • Major applications in power generation, transmission, and distribution
  • The transformer secondary provides all the 3 phases
  • Construction cost is low

Disadvantages of Delta connections:
  • No common neutral point
  • Detecting earth ground faults is difficult
  • Low voltage connection

Summary : 

If power is kept constant, delta connection has lower voltage and high current capacity whereas a star connection has higher voltage and low current capacity. 

Difference between active and passive components

Definition of active and passive components :

Active component: The active component is a device which can amplify the output signal of an electronic circuit with more power in it than the input signal.

Passive component: The passive component is a device which stores or maintains energy in the form of voltage or current are known as passive components.

The main key difference between Active and passive components is that active component is those who deliver or produce energy or power in the form of voltage or current while passive components are those who utilize or store energy in the form of voltage or current.

Difference between active and passive components :
  • Active components are energy donor and passive components are energy acceptor. 
  • The active components act as generators, on the other hand, passive components acts as attenuators. 
  • The active device injects power to the circuit, whereas passive devices are incapable of supplying any energy.
  • The active device is capable of providing gain while passive devices are incapable of providing power gain.
  • The active component requires an external source for the operations, Passive components does not require any external source for the operations.
  • Active device can control the current flow within the circuit whereas passive device can not control it.
  • Active components have unidirectional function while passive components have a bidirectional function.
  • Active components are widely used in personal computers while passive components are widely used in MP3 player, washing machine, etc.
  • Active components normally non-linear whereas passive components fall under linear category mostly. 
  • Active components include components like diodes, transistor, IC, battery, etc while passive component includes a resistor, capacitors, inductors, transformers, conductors, etc.

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Difference between induction motor and synchronous motor

AC motors are divided into two types, synchronous motor and induction motor also called an asynchronous motor. The biggest difference is whether the speed of the rotor is consistent with the speed of the rotating magnetic field in the stator. If the rotation speed of the rotor and the stator field are the same called a synchronous motor and if not then is called asynchronous motor. Let us have a deep insight into the difference between induction and synchronous motor. 

The key difference between the induction motor and the synchronous motor is given below.   
  • The synchronous motor is a doubly excited machine whereas an induction motor is a single excited machine.
  • The armature winding of the synchronous motor is energized from an AC source and its field winding from a DC source in the synchronous motor while the stator winding of induction motor is energized from an AC source in an induction motor. 
  • Synchronous motors require an additional DC power source for energizing rotor winding and induction motor does not require an additional power source.
  • The synchronous motor is more efficient than the same output and voltage rating of an induction motor. 
  • A synchronous motor is costlier than the same output and voltage rating of an induction motor.
  • The synchronous motor always runs at synchronous speed, and the speed of the motor is independent of load, but an induction motor always runs less than the synchronous speed. Induction motor speed is decreased if the load increased.
  • The induction motor has self-starting torque, on the other hand, the synchronous motor is not self-starting. It has to be run to synchronous speed by any means before it can be synchronized to AC supply.
  • Slip rings and brushes are required in synchronous motors but not in induction motors.
  • In addition to the supplied torque, the synchronous motor can be used to correct the power factor to drive mechanical load while an induction motor is only used to drive a mechanical load.
  • The synchronous motor can be operated with lagging and leading power by changing its excitation and the induction motor operates only at a lagging power factor. The power factor of the induction motor becomes very poor at light loads.

Difference between core type and shell type transformer

One of the biggest distinctions between the core type and the shell type transformer is that the winding encircles the more in a core type, whereas the core encircles the winding of the transformer in a shell type transformer. Now let us check some key points for both of the transformers.

Core type transformer :

  • It has one yoke and two limbs
  • Both the limbs are provided with winding and the core is surrounded by windings.
  • Winding is less protected by the core
  • Leakage flux is more than power transfer less capability
  • Series magnetic circuit
  • Both limbs have the same cross-sectional area
  • More amount of copper is required for winding
  • Required less amount of insulating material
  • Used high-voltage power transmission applications
  • High voltage, small KVA rating transformers are suitable
  • Easy to repair
  • Better cooling because more surface is exposed to the atmosphere

Shell type transformer :

  • It has three limbs and two yokes
  • Only the middle limbs are provided with winding and winding ar being surrounded by a core
  • More protected by the core
  • Leakage flux is less
  • Parallel magnetic circuit
  • The different cross-sectional area
  • Amount of chopper required for winding is less
  • Not easy to repair
  • Cooling is not very efficient 

The key difference between core-type and shell-type transformers are given below.

  • The core surrounds the winding in a core-type transformer, whereas the winding surrounds the core of the transformer in a shell-type transformer.
  • The core-type transformer has two limbs, and the shell-type transformer has three limbs.
  • The lamination is cut in the form of L in the core-type transformer while the lamination is cut in the form of E and L in the shell-type transformer.
  • The core-type transformer required less insulation compared to the shell type transformer.
  • The mechanical strength of the core-type transformer is low compared to the shell-type transformer.
  • The output of the core-type transformer is less as compared to the shell-type transformer because it has more losses.
  • There are two magnetic circuits in the core type transformer, whereas one magnetic circuit in the shell type transformer.
  • The losses in a transformer of core type are more compared to the transformer of shell type.
  • In a core-type transformer, less winding is removed for maintenance, in a shell-type transformer number of the winding are required to remove for maintenance.
  • The winding of the shell type transformer is distributed type and hence heat is dissipated naturally, whereas in core type transformer the natural cooling is not possible.
  • In core-type transformers, both the primary and secondary windings are placed on the side limbs whereas the winding is placed on the central limbs of the transformer in shell-type transformers.
  • There are two magnetic circuits in the core type transformer, whereas one magnetic circuit in the shell type transformer.
  • The core type transformer cross-section area is rectangular, whereas the shell type transformer cross-section area is square, cross-sectional two bent, or three bent in shape.

Difference between power transformer and distribution transformer

The transformer is installed at various power stations for generation and transmission of power in power transformer. It acts as a step up or steps down transformer for increasing and decreasing the level of voltages as per the requirement and its also used as an interconnection between two power stations.

The distribution transformer is used to bring down or step down the voltage and current level of the transmission line to a predefined level, which is called safety level and interconnection between two power stations.

The key difference between the power transformer and distribution transformer is given below.

  • The power transformer is used in the transmission network of higher voltages whereas the distribution transformer is used in the distribution network of lower voltages.
  • Power transformer the iron and copper losses take place throughout the day but in distribution transformer, the iron loss takes place in 24 hours.
  • The power transformer always operates on rated full load as the load fluctuation is very less but the distribution transformer is operated at the load less than full load as the variation in the load are very high.
  • The power transformer is available in a various rating of 400 K, 200 KV, 110 KV, 66 KV, 33 KV in the market and the distribution transformer are available in 11 KV, 6.6 KV, 3.3 KV, 440 V, 230 Volts.
  • The power transformer is designed for maximum efficiency of 100% and the efficiency is simply calculated by the ratio o the output power to the input power whereas the distribution transformer the maximum efficiency varies between 50 to 70% and calculated by all-day efficiency.
  • The power transformer has a large size as compared to the distribution transformer.
  • The fluctuation of the load in the power transformer is much less compared with the distribution transformer.
  • The density of flux in the power transformer is higher than in a distribution transformer.
  • In the substation at the end of the transmission line, the power transformer connection is star delta.
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Difference between ac and dc motor

We all know that both AC and DC motors serve the actually same function of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, they are powered, constructed and controlled differently. The most basic difference between AC motor and DC motor is that AC motor power on AC current while DC motor power on DC current, to learn in detail about AC and DC motor difference is given below. 

The main key difference between AC and DC motor are given below:
  • AC motors are powered from AC current while DC motors are powered from DC current.
  • AC motor conversion of current is not required while DC motors conversion of current is required like DC current.
  • The main source of the AC motor is currently coming from the three-phase or the single phase supply mains while the sources of the DC motors are batteries and cells.
  • In AC motor there are three input terminals known as RYB while in DC motor are only two terminals. They are known as positive and negative.
  • AC motor is used where power performance is sought for extended periods of time, DC motors are used where motor speed required to be controlled externally.
  • AC motor can be single phase or three phases while DC motors are single phase.
  • AC motors armatures do not rotate while magnetic field continuously rotates, while in DC motors the armature rotates while the magnetic field does rotate.
  • AC motor is suitable for large and industrial applications while in DC motors are most commonly used for small and domestic applications.
  • AC motors do not use brushes, DC motor uses brushes.
  • AC motors are not self-starting and thus it requires some external equipment to start the motor initially, DC motor is self-starting motors.
  • AC motors have a longer life span, DC motors have not longer life span.
  • The maintenance cost of the AC motor is more as compared to DC motor.
  • AC motor requires effective starting equipment like a capacitor to start operation while DC motor does not require any external help to start operation.
  • The speed of AC motors is simply controlled by varying the frequency of the current, The speed of DC motors is controlled by varying the armature winding current.
  • Efficiency of AC motor is less while the efficiency of the DC motor is high as there is no slip and induction current loss.
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Difference between ac and dc generator

The main key difference between AC and DC generator is that , The AC generator is a electrical device, which transform the mechanical energy form intro an AC electrical form of energy, While the DC generator convert the mechanical input energy into DC electrical energy.  We all know that the power electronics knowledge is that the AC generator generates an output voltage which alters in amplitude as well as time whereas the DC generator as a constant output voltage which does not change in amplitude as well as time. Here this blog  post we will discuss the difference between AC and DC generator to better understand this topic.

The main KEY difference between AC and DC generator are given below:
  • AC generator is a mechanical device which converts mechanical energy into AC electric power while in DC generator is a mechanical device which converts mechanical energy in DC electric power supply.
  • AC generator is also known as alternator,  while DC generator also called as a Dynamo.
  • AC generator generates AC electric power while the DC generator generates DC electric power.
  • In AC generator current flow in one direction while in DC generator current periodically change direction.
  • AC generator can be used slip rings for the induced current transmission but the DC generator uses split rings for the transfer of induced current.
  • AC generator has slip rings, while DC generator uses a split ring commutator.
  • AC generator requires very less maintenance and thus more reliable than a DC generator while DC generator requires frequent maintenance.
  • In AC generator slip rings have smooth and uninterrupted surfaces which allow the brushes to remains in contact uninterrupted with the slip ring surfaces. Hence the brushes do not wear as quickly as in case of a DC  generator and there is almost no possibility of a short circuit while DC generator uses commutators and brushes were out quickly in the commutator because of sparking.
  • AC generator are  simple design, but DC generator have complex in design.
  • AC generator requires very less maintenance and thus more reliable than a DC generator while DC generator requires frequent maintenance.
  • AC generator used to generate very high voltages, DC generator used to generate comparatively lower voltages.
  • AC generator does not have commutator, DC generator possesses commutators in order to counter the changing polarities effect.
  • AC voltage can be distributed quite easily using a transformer but in DC generator DC voltage is comparatively difficult to distribute efficiently.
  • AC generator has a different type like rotating armature, single phase, three phases, rotating field while in DC generator has a different type like a permanent magnet, Self-excited and separately excited.
  • AC output is suitable for long distance transmission, on the other hand DC output is not suitable for long distance.
  • AC generator are more reliable, but DC generator are not reliable as they require more maintenance.
  • Efficiency of AC generator is higher, DC generator has relatively lower efficiency.
  • In AC generator output voltage amplitude is higher as compared to DC generator, but the DC generator output voltage amplitudes is comparatively lower.
  • In AC generator the alternating current(AC) can be induced in the rotor or stator, in contrast DC generator Direct current(DC) can be produced in the rotor only.
  • While in we are using AC generator the initial cost of AC generator is higher, on the other hand, the initial cost of DC generator is relatively lower.
  • While we are using the long turn AC generator, the overall cost of AC generator is low, but due to costly maintenance, the overall cost of DC generator is high.
  • AC generator may challenging to regulate the voltage, in contrast the DC generator easier to regulate the voltage.
  • AC generators are employed for suppling power for domestic, commercial and industrial purposes such as lighting, fans, etc. But the DC generators are mainly used for supplying power to large DC motors such as in electric traction, charging batteries etc.
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Difference between motor and generator

The generator and motor are such a device whose function is just the opposite of each other. One is used to generate electricity and other uses of electricity. In this article, we will learn about the difference between motor and generator to better understand this topic.

Electric motor:
  • An electric motor generates energy from electrical energy
  • Electricity is required for its operation
  • In while uses an electric motor, electrical energy is in the input form
  • Flemings left-hand rule is followed to know the direction of motion
  • Source of energy is power grids, electrical supply
  • The motor is used in automobiles, elevators, fans, pumps, etc
  • The maintenance of the electric motor is less as compared to the generator
Generator:
  • The electrical generator generates electrical energy from mechanical energy.
  • Generator generate electricity
  • In the generator, electrical energy is in the output from
  • Flemings right-hand rule is followed to know the direction of produced electricity
  • Source of energy are steam turbines, internal combustion engines.
  • The generator is used in power supply chains in industries, testing purpose in the laboratory general lighting, power of batteries, etc
  • The maintenance of the generator is more as compared to the motor
The main key difference between generator and electric motor are given below:
  • The generator is a device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy whereas the motor is a device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
  • The generator used to generate electricity while the motor used to generate mechanical power.
  • In generator, the current is produced in the armature winding whereas in the motor the current is utilized in the armature winding to produce mechanical force. The armature can be on rotor or stator.
  • In generator, the direction of the current induced is determined by the use of Flemings right-hand rule while in motor the direction of force produced is determined by the use of the flaming left-hand rule.
  • The example of the motor is an electric car or bike where the electric current is supplied to the machine or device. and it gets converted into mechanical motion and as result the car or bike device, and it gets converted into mechanical motion and as result turbine is used as a device which converts the mechanical energy of the force of water falling from the dam to generate electric energy.
  • In generator the shaft is driven by the mechanical power,  in motor, the shaft is driven by the mechanical force produced by the electricity.
  • The maintenance of the generator is more compared with the motor.
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Alternator vs generator

The major key difference between the alternator and generator is that generator armature is stationary and the field is stationary whereas the generator is that in alternator the armature is stationary and the field rotates. That has both of function of converting the mechanical energy into the electrical energy. The generator is the device which converts the mechanical energy into the electric current while the generator is the alternator is a device which converts mechanical energy into the electrical energy.

Definitions of alternator:

An alternator is a machine which converts the mechanical power from a prime mover to AC electrical power at a specific voltage and frequency. For bulk power generation large alternator is used in thermal and hydro, nuclear power station.

Definition of generator:

A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy or power. The working of the generator is based on the principle of Faraday laws of electromagnetic induction. 

The main key difference between alternator and generator are given below.

  • The alternator takes input supply from the stator,  the generator takes input supply from the rotor.
  • An alternator is a machine which converts the mechanical energy from a prime mover into the AC, whereas the generator converts the mechanical energy from the prime mover into an AC or DC.
  • The alternator induces the AC whereas the generator causes both AC and DC power. 
  • The generator produces a current which can either be alternating current or the direct current while in the generator only produce alternating current.
  • The armature of an alternator is stationary while in generator it is rotating.
  • The alternator has a wide range of RPM, the generator has a narrow range of RPM.
  • The output of the alternator is higher than compared to the generator.
  • The alternator is smaller in size and requires less space whereas the generator requires large space.
  • The output EMF of the alternator is variable and the output voltage of the generator is constant.
  • The alternator does not charge the completely dead battery while the generator charges the dead battery.
  • The alternator is energy efficient as they only use the required energy, whereas the generator utilizes all the energy that is produced.
  • The alternator has a rotating magnetic filed whereas the generator has a rotating magnetic field for the high voltage generation and low voltage stationary magnetic field is used.
  • There is no need for the polarization of alternator after installation, whereas the polarization is necessarily required after the installation of the generator. 
  • The generator produces the voltages all day long continuously while an alternator produces voltages only when it is required.

Difference between SCR and DIAC

The word thyristor denotes a family of semiconductor devices used for power control in dc and AC system. A thyristor is also called silicon control rectifier (SCR) is basically four semiconductor rectifier. While in DIAC stands for is bidirectional or full wave switch that can be turned on in both forward and reverse polarities. The name of word DIAC comes for the words DIode AC switch. Here this page gives information about the comparison between ASCR and DIAC to better understand this topic.

SCR:
  • SCR stands for silicon control rectifier.
  • SCR is a four layers PNPN device with three terminals namely anode, cathode, and gate.
  • SCR is a high power device.
  • SCR is a three terminal device.
  • SCR break over voltage can be controlled by adjusting the gate current.
  • SCR breakdown voltage is plus or minus 26 V. The maximum anode current is 25 mA.
  • SCR is a unidirectional switch. It conducts current only in one direction. So it can control only for DC power or it can control forward biased half cycle of AC input in the load.
  • SCR can only control either the positive or negative half cycle of AC input.
  • SCR is used in application like a dimmer, control light, fan, etc.
DIAC:
  • DIAC stands for diode alternating current.
  • A diode is basically a two terminal device and it is a parallel inverse combination of semiconductor layers and it permits triggering in either direction.
  • DIAC is a low power device.
  • DIAC is a two terminal device.
  • DIAC break over voltage cannot be controlled.
  • The forward break over voltage is 40 V. The maximum anode current is 100 A.
  • DIAC can be switched from its off state to ON state for either polarity of the applied voltage.
  • DIAC can be made in PNP or NPN structure form. 
  • DIAC we used as triggering device for the TRIAC.
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CFL bulb advantages

CFL stands for compact fluorescent lamps are a very smaller version of full-sized fluorescent lights, though they have better quality than their predecessors. CFLs are becoming very popular bulb and there is also some drawback to their use. Here this page we have to learn the advantages and disadvantages of CFL bulbs to better understand this topic.

Advantages of CFLs bulbs:

The advantages of CFL are they are energy efficient, have good lumen maintenance, long life, dimmable, low operating cost, endless shapes and also the size and radiate less heat. 
  • CFL is up to four times more efficient than incandescent bulbs. You can replace a 100-watt incandescent bulb a 22 watt CFL get the same amount of light. CFLs use 50 to 80% less energy than incandescent lights
  • Switching to these light will allow you to do your part in reducing carbon emission where just a single bulb is said to reduce half a ton of this gas in the atmosphere
  • CFLs are highly versatile and must be used in any setting where you would normally use incandescent bulbs. Also, they come in various sizes and shapes that they can be used for table lamps, recessed fixtures, ceiling lighting, and track lighting, They are even 3 way CFLs that offer more versatility
  • Switching to these light will allow you to do your part in reducing carbon emissions, we're just a single bulb is said to reduce half a ton of this gas in the atmosphere
  • CFLs are less expensive in the long run because they last much longer than  the uses of incandescent bulbs
Disadvantages of CFL bulbs:
  • The only disadvantages are the mercury content in CFLs
  • While CFL bulbs are used outdoors they must be covered and protected from the elements. They are also sensitive to temperature and so in low temperature, it is in  low light level
  • While we have CFLs bulbs are supposed to last about 10000 hours turning them on and off too frequently can reduce that lifetime substantially. So they are unsuitable for places where you would turn on the light only briefly. Thes bulbs should be used only where they will be left on for a while without being turned on and off
  • While you can buy the CFL bulbs for use with dimmer switches not all CFLs can be used with them. Regular CFL bulbs that are not meant to be used with a dimmer switch can burn out quickly. The same applies to use CFLs with timmers 
  • CFL is not for focused or spotlights or where narrow beams of light are required. They are meant only for ambient light. 

TRIAC full form

What is the full form of TRIAC?


Answer:

  • Triode for Alternating Current


What does TRIAC mean?


TRIAC is a generic trademark for three-terminal electronics components that conducts current in either direction when triggered. 

TRIAC is widely used in AC power control applications. They are able to switch high voltages and high level of current and over both parts of an AC waveform so this makes TRIAC circuits ideal for use in a variety of applications where more power switching is must be needed

One of the particular applications of TRIAC circuits is in light dimmers for domestic lighting and they are also used in many other power control situations including motor control also.


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