Showing posts with label GPRS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label GPRS. Show all posts

GPRS network

We learn about GPRS network before we check it out GPRS full form. General packet radio services GPRS uses on the same network and also have to use the same base station but nowadays GPRS are upgraded.

 It is allowed the 2G, 3G, W-CDMA mobile network to transmit the IP packet to an external network such as the internet. So the GPRS system is an integrated part of the GSM network switching subsystem.

General packet radio services (GPRS) uses upgraded network for 3G deployment UMTS Rel 9. GPRS prepares core infrastructure later evolution to a 3G W-CDMA / UMTS.

 So now in this article, you learn about the basic process of GPRS network :
  1. Attach process: MS full form is mobile station attaches to the SGCN 
  2. Authentication process: SGCN authenticates the mobile subscriber. 
  3. PDP activation process: Session is established between MS and destination network.
  4. Detach process: MS detach from the SGCN.
  5. For static IP address network initiated PDP request: By using static IP address call from a packet data network reaches the MS. 
  6. For dynamic IP address network initiated PDP request: By using dynamic IP address call from a packet data network reaches the MS.

GPRS module

GPRS full form module is a unique and it can be differentiated by its full form of IMEI number. IMEI is a 15 digit unique number associated with mobile phone, and other GSM network services.

GSM module operate frequency are 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz and 1900MHz.

In general GPRS module uses in IC or chip that connect to the GSM network using a SIM and radio waves. So we need to set up like shown in following image.

So shown in figure GPRS module, slot for inserting a SIM card, RS-232, interface for connecting with computer or a micro controller, signal status LED full form, power supply and a provision for connecting microphone and speaker.

We can do following task, with the help of GPRS module.
  • Send, receive or delete SMS message in the SIM card
  • Add, read and search the contact in the SIM card
  • Make receive or reject voice calls
  • Send and receive data to / from the GSM / GPRS network through GPRS
GPRS module

GPRS frequency

1. GSM band - T-GSM-380 MHz
  • Frequency - 380 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 380.2-389.8 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency - 390.2-399.8 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - Dynamic
2. . GSM band - T-GSM-410 MHz
  • Frequency - 410 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 410.2-419.8 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency - 420.2-429.8 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - Dynamic
3. . GSM band - GSM-450 MHz
  • Frequency - 450 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 450.6-457.6 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency - 460.6-467.6 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - 259-293
4. GSM band - GSM-480 MHz
  • Frequency - 480 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 479.0-486.0 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency - 489.0-496.0 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - 306-340
5. GSM band - GSM-710 MHz
  • Frequency - 710 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 698.2-716.2 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency - 728.2-746.2 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - Dynamic
6. GSM band - GSM-750 MHz
  • Frequency - 750 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 777.2-792.2 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency -747.2-762.2 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - 438 – 511
7. GSM band - T-GSM-810 MHz
  • Frequency - 810 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 806.2-821.2 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency - 851.2-866.2 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - Dynamic
8. GSM band - GSM-850 MHz
  • Frequency - 850 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 824.848.8 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency - 869.2-893.8 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - 128-251
9. GSM band - P-GSM-900 MHz
  • Frequency - 900 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 890.0-915.0 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency - 935.0-960.0 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - 1 – 124
10. GSM band - R-GSM-300 MHz
  • Frequency - 900 MHz
  • Up-link frequency- 876.0-915.0 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency- 921.0-960.0 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - 955 – 1023, 0 - 124
11. GSM band - T-GSM-900 MHz
  • Frequency- 900 MHz
  • Up-link frequency - 870.0-876.0 MHz (Mobile to base)
  • Down-link frequency - 915.0-921.0 MHz (Base to mobile)
  • Channel types - Dynamic

GPRS definition

GPRS stands for General packet radio service is a packet-based mobile data services in data rate to 172 kbps, on the 2G and 3G mobile communications technology.

GPRS is a high speed, non-voice, and useful packet switching technology considered to GSM networks.

GPRS system architecture

GPRS full form provides many devices without restricting data rates of transmission. The service precedence namely high, low, normal, class, reliability throughput and delay are determined by QoS profile.

 GPRS uses GSM architecture for voice. In order to offer packet data services through GPRS, a new class of network node needs to be introduced as an upgrade to the existing GSM network.

 The network nodes are called GPRS support nodes ( GNN ). The GPRS support nodes are responsible for the delivery and routing of data packet between the mobile stations and the external packet data network ( PDN ).


GPRS system architecture 
AUC full form - authentication center
BSC  full form - Base station controller
BTS full form - Base transceiver station
EIR full form - Equipment identity register 
HLR full form - Home location register
VLR full form - Visitor location register
GGSN - Gateway GPRS support node
ISDN -  Integrated system digital network
MSC full form -  Mobile switching center
PDN -  Packet data network
SMSC - Short message service center
PLMN  - Public land mobile network
SMS - GMSC - SMS gateway MSC
SMS - IWMSC - SMS internetworking MSC
SGSN - Serving GPRS support node

Advantages and disadvantages of GPRS

GPRS is third generation step towards internet access. GPRS full form General Packet Radio Service is one kind of mobile data service accessible to GSM and IS-136 mobile phones users. It is a high speed, point to point, and use packet switching technology intended for GSM. This article gives information about some advantages and disadvantages of GPRS to know more details about GPRS.

Advantages of GPRS :

  • Provide high-speed data service
  • Support bursty application like email, traffic, telemetry, broadcast service, and web browsing
  • GPRS offers fast connection set up a mechanism to offer a perception of being always on hence the GPRS devices are referred to as always connected
  • GPRS based network has high bandwidth
  • Provide point to point services
  • Mobility provides wireless internet access
  • GPRS is not possible to troubleshoot in case of issues
  • Deployment is easier
  • Communication via GPRS is cheaper than through the regular GSM networks
  • Constant connection to the internet 
  • GPRS provides wireless access to the internet from any location where there is a network signal so that you can surf the internet on your laptop or phone, even in remote areas
  • GPRS is still faster than the old WAP ( Wireless Application Protocol ) data is transferred at speeds ranging from 9.6 kilobytes per second up to 114 kbps
  • When you surfing the internet it doesn't block incoming calls enables you to make or receive voice calls while you are browsing the internet or downloading data. So that users can have both voice call and data call together

Disadvantages of GPRS :

  • Limited capacity for all users
  • Speed much lower in reality 
  • Data rates supported are slower compared to the latest wireless standards such as LTE or LTE-advanced. 
  • A mobile station using GPRS can't receive direct GPRS calls
  • A network can be affected when a large number of users in the same area utilize the GPRS services at the same time. 
  • Users may decide to charge based on time rather than volume
  • GPRS could be consumed by the public during the public emergency
  • Can have high latency, especially text messaging
  • Can not troubleshoot means works or doesn't
  • Expensive to add terminal above 4
  • Slower 72 Kbps vs 11 Mbps
  • Transit delay

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