Showing posts with label electric wiring. Show all posts
Showing posts with label electric wiring. Show all posts

Precautions of concealed conduit wiring

  • The interior surface of the conduit must be clean and dry otherwise the cables may suffer damage.
  • Every metal box must be earthed.
  • Always use the looping method.
  • The conduit must be installed during building construction work in the concrete ceiling.
  • All the safety precautions which are taken in the surface conduit system will also be implied in a concealed system.
  • Whenever conduit is to be buried by concrete special care must be taken, otherwise, liquid cement may enter the conduit.
  • If you celling is reinforced concrete, it may be necessary to erect the conduit system on the shuttering and secure it, IF not secure than it may move out of position.
  • When plastic or wooden or metal boxes are buried inwall before plastering, it is advisable to stuff the boxes with paper to prevent their being with plaster.
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Batten wiring | Definition | Installation | Precautions | Materials | Advantages | Applications

Definition of batten wiring:


This is when a single wire or some group of wire is laid over a wooden batten. These wires are held to the batten for using a brass clip and spaced at an interval of 10 cm for horizontal runs and 15 cm for vertical runs.

 In this electrical wiring wooden batten wiring used. All the cable wiring is installed on the smooth batten steel clips and steels clip are installed on the surface of batten to equal to the wooden batten is installed on the wall with the help of a 1.5-inch screw. The batten available size 15,20,25,40 mm. Usually, PVC cable used for batten wiring. So you use proper wiring rules for how to used wires in-wall and put in an accessible junction box for the connected wires.

The procedure of batten wiring:


Group of single or double or three core cables is used to be laid on the straight teak wooden batten. The cable is held with the help of the tinned brass link clip or buckle clip. The brass pin is used to fix the buckle clip on the wooden batten. Buckle clips are a fixed brass pin on the wooden batten at an interval 10 cm for horizontal runs 15cm for vertical runs.


Installation of batten wiring:


First of all, the first step is to draw the straight lines with colored threads on the wall of the building. Always draw the lines to the height of 3m above the ground surface. In any condition, the distance cannot duce to this specified limit. After with the help of an electric drill, the machine makes the hole to the marked point on the wall. The distance between these holes is 30 cm or 60 cm and all the holes are made on the equal distance to each other rawal plugs are inserted in holes. Cut the batten with the help of wood saw to the required length. Now connect the steel clip with nails on the surface of the batten to an equal distance. Batten is installing on the walls of the building. 1.5-inch screws are used to installations of batten on the walls. Installation to the cable on batten and tight the clips. All the switches, sockets, lamps, ceiling rose, the main switch is installed on wooden round rocks. In the last whole wiring tested with a megger.


Precautions of Batten wiring:


  • Always installed the batten to the hight of 5 above the ground.
  • Use bridge joint when crossing of cables is required.
  • Always varnish the batten before installation.
For detailed information:


The material used in batten wiring:

  • CTS or TRS cable
  • Stright teak wooden batten
  • Brass pins
  • Screw
  • Batten 
  • Wooden round block
  • Colour 
  • Nail
  • Kit kat
  • Socket
  • Thread
  • Steel clip
  • Lamp holder
  • Conduit pipe
  • Switchboard
  • ceiling rose
  • Main switch
  • Raw at plugs
  • Switch
  • Tinned brass link clip

Tools used in batten wiring:

  • Knife
  • Hammer
  • Chisel
  • Stair
  • Phase tester
  • Side driver
  • Drill machine
  • Measuring tape
  • Wood saw
  • Combinational plier
  • Side cutter

Advantages of batten wiring:

  • This is a simple wiring system.
  • Batten wiring system is a better long life.
  • Durable and have good strength.
  • The chance of leakage current is very rare.
  • It looks very beautiful.
  • Wiring installation is easy and simple.

Disadvantages of Batten wiring:

  • The risk of fire is possible.
  • After maintenance of the beauty of this wiring system is nor maintain. 
  • It is installed only for 220V.
  • The risk of mechanical injury is possible.
For detailed information:


You will also learn some other electrical wiring system:

Why use cleat wiring

These wires can be weatherproof. Simple wiring laying is done in this scheme of wiring. In the present day, this kind of wiring scheme is not recommended for a house or building. Only in a temporary army campus or some festivals like marriage. Cleat wiring system now rarely being used these days. This type of wiring can be very easily installed and materials can be recovered for further use and also have some advantages so this reason now a days it will be used. Here there is some reason why cleat wiring is used?

  • All the cables are in open-air therefore fault is very easily found and replaced it very quickly.
  • It is easy to fault detection.
  • Alternation and addition are easy.
  • Material is recoverable after the dismantlement.
  • The whole wiring is replaced for a short period of time and material of wiring is used in another place if we want.
  • Installation and dismantlement are easy and quick.

What is cleat wiring | Definition | Installation | Precautions | Materials | Advantages | Applications

Definition of cleat wiring: 


Cleat wiring is one of the cheapest wiring systems considering the initial cost and labor and it is most suitable for a temporary electrical wiring system. This wiring system is quickly installed, easily inspected and altered. In this type of wiring VIR or PVC insulated wire is used as a conductor.

 This wiring system, All the cables are in open-air therefore fault is very easily found and replaced it very quickly and It is easy to fault detection. So nowadays cleat wiring used in most of the army Campus or festivals like marriage. 


Installation of cleat wiring:


Cleat wiring is recommended only for temporary installment. The cleat is made in pairs having a bottom and top halves. So in the bottom, half is grooved to receive the wire and the top half is for cable grip. initially, the bottom and top cleat are fixed on the wall loosely according to the layout. Then the cable is drawn, tensioned and the cleat is tightened by the screw. The cleat is of the basic three types, having one, two or three grooves, so as to receive one, two or maximum three wires. 

This wiring system is installing in a vertical or horizontal system. In this wiring system, The fault is easily replaced very easily because all the cable is open. When one circuit is the cable is passing through another circuit or cable in the cleat wiring system then insulators are used on lower cables for safety purposes. At the turning point in cleat wiring, a special type of cleat is used. The distance between the two-cleat is kept approximately 0.5 meters, 18 inches, or 45 cm and the distance between cables and wall is approximately 1.5 cm. The distance between two cable is 4 to 7 cm according to their current rating. The cleat wiring is used in most of the industry of high capacity current cables. The distance between earth and cable is approximately 2.5 to 3 cm, therefore at switches and junction boxes, the earthing points are marked. 

The cable is entered in junction box through holes and always one cable is passing through one hole. When the cable is passing through the walls or roofs then porcelain tubes or metal pipes are commonly used. The life period of this wiring is 3 months minimum and arid a maximum of 10 to 15 years.

Cleat wiring
 Cleat wiring

Some precautions of cleat wiring:

  • Cleat wiring is not suitable for those place where smoke, steam, dust, and risk mechanical injury is present.
  • The cable is lying straight in cleats.
  • Do not install this wiring in as specially for stores and flammable places.
  • The cap is not tightly screwed on the base because of cable is damaged and not as loosely screw that as a result, the cable is producing sag.
  • If the cable is passing through under the water pipes, wall or roofs then cables are always passing through met conduits.
  • Switches, sockets, cut out, ceiling rose and lamp holders are always installed on round wooden blocks.
  • The distance between branch circuits for single-phase supply is not less than 2.5 cm and for sub-main 4cm minimum.
  • Always use the wooden bushing on each end of the conduit circuit.

For detailed information 

Read more >> Precautions of cleat wiring 

Materials used in cleat wiring: 

  • PVC or VIR cable
  • Single way switches
  • Wooden round block
  • Insulation tap
  • Junction box
  • Rawal plug
  • Main switch
  • Lamp holder 
  • Ceiling range
  • Cleat
  • Colour
  • Fuse
  • Thread
  • Bushing
  • Socket
  • Screws 2.5"

Tools used in cleat wiring:

  • Knife
  • Stair
  • Hammer
  • Chisel
  • Wood saw
  • Phase tester
  • Measuring tape
  • Combinational plier
  • Electric drill machine
  • Screwdriver
  • Side cutter

Advantages of cleat wiring: 

  • It is easy to fault detection.
  • It is easy to repair.
  • This is the temporary wiring system.
  • It is the cheapest for internal wiring.

Disadvantages of cleat wiring:

  • It has a bad appearance.
  • It is not looking good.
  • This wiring system is not safe and durable.
  • It is a chance to shock or fire.
  • It is not a sustainable wiring system.
  • It is used only low-temperature places.

For detailed information 

 Read more >> Advantages and disadvantages of cleat wiring

Applications of cleat wiring: 

  • Industry
  • Army campus
  • In marriage function for different types of wiring

 Some other electrical wiring system:

 1. Casing capping wiring
2. Concealed conduit wiring
3. Batten wiring

We hope that you have got a better understanding of this concept. Furthermore, any quires regarding this concept or some electrical and electronics projects give your feedback in the comment section below.

Precautions of lead sheathed wiring

Some precautions of lead sheathed wiring include:

  • The cable should not be run over damp places.
  • The cable should be properly protected were liable to mechanical damage.
  • The end of the conduit employed must be filled to remove burrs and bushes may also use both ends.
  • The support employee must not be of such a material that may react chemically with the sheath.
  • Power wiring should be carried separately from the wiring for fans and lights etc.
  • Sharp bends should be avoided and at the corner around the bend of radius not less 10 cm should be used.
  • When the cables are being clipped these should be dressed with a piece of hardwood be to make perfectly straight.
  • Contact with the gas or water pipes, expect at one definite bond to the water mains at the point of entry, should be avoided.
  • The lead sheathed must be continuous electrically and earthed at some suitable points, preferably at the point of entry.
  • The cables must be supported by proper metal clips and saddles, etc. Which must not be more than 35 cm apart on the vertical run and 22cm on the horizontal run for cable up to 7/0.736 mm
  • According to IEEE regulations, the lead sheathed should be continuous throughout the installation either by soldering or by bonding with clamps.

Difference Between Wooden Casing Capping Wiring and Lead Sheathed Wiring

Wooden casing and capping wiring systems are suitable for low voltage domestic installation and here we are using VIR or PVC wires are used while in Lead sheathed wiring system that uses conductors that are insulated with VIR and that are covered with an outer sheath of lead aluminum alloy which contains about 95% almost lead.  Here this post gives the main key difference between wooden casing capping and leads sheathed wiring system to better understand this topic.

What is the wooden casing capping wiring system?


Wooden casing capping wiring system was famous in the wiring system in the past. This cable is used in kind of wiring were either VIR or PVC or any other approved insulated cables. The cable was carried through the wooden casing enclosures. The casing is made up of a strip of wood with parallel grooves cut lengthwise so as to accommodate some VIR cables. The capping used to cover the wires and cables installed and fitted in the casing.

What is lead sheathed wiring system?


The lead sheath is earthed at each and every junction to provide a path to ground for the leakage current. They are fixed means that of metal clips on wooden battens. The wiring system is very expensive. It is suitable for low voltage applications.


A key difference between wooden casing capping and lead sheathed wiring system:

  • The cost of a medium in a wooden casing capping wiring system while in lead sheathed wiring system cost is high.
  • Both of the wiring the voltage is low around 250 V.
  • We are using lead sheathed wiring life is long, but in wooden casing capping, the cost is fairly long.
  • Mechanical protection is good in both the wiring system.
  • Appearance is fair in both the wiring system.
  • General reliability is good in wooden casing capping wiring while in lead sheathed wiring reliability is fairly good.
  • Dampness protection is poor in wooden casing capping but in lead sheathed wiring dampness protection is good.
  • Highley skill labor is required for wooden casing capping.
  • While we are using the material must be used PVC, VIR, screws, board, block, wooden gutters but in lead sheathed wiring lead sheathed cable, wooden, clipboard, round board, wooden gutters, etc.
  • Wooden casing capping wiring is mostly used in a commercial office building, residential but nowadays being replaced by TRS wiring on account of additional advantages while in lead sheathed wiring is mostly used in service main. because of the high cost and heavy short circuit in case of leakage.


Explore more information:


We hope that you have got a better understanding of this concept. Furthermore, any quires regarding this concept or some electrical or electronics projects give your feedback in the comment section below. 

Precautions of Batten wiring

Some precautions of batten wiring include: 

  • If the cable is passing underwater pipes or walls then metal pipes are used.
  • Use the correct size of clips, if large clips are used then the beauty of wiring is not maintained.
  • Always installed the batten to the hight of 5 above the ground.
  • Use bridge joint when crossing of cables is required.
  • Always varnish the batten before installation.

Precautions of conduit wiring

Some precautions of conduit wiring include:

  • The metal pipes or conduits are terminated in a metal-clad board with a smooth bor brass bush or ring brass bush.
  • Always draw the exact number of the wires into the conduit.
  • Always select the correct size of the conduit.
  • When curve the conduit then elbows or bends are used.
  • Select the exact routes before the installation of the conduit. 
  • When the exact large length of the conduit run then must provide the inspection point on this conduit.
  • If two or more than two conduits are run in parallel then multiple saddles must be used for wiring.
  • Before drawing the cable in conduit, make sure that there is no moisture is present in the interior of the conduit.
  • Always use the steel wire to draw the cable through steel or PVC conduit.
  • In the case of a steel conduit, the sharp edge of the conduit must be smooth.
  • Use the correct size of the saddle according to the diameter of the conduit.

Precautions of cleat wiring

Some precautions of cleat wiring include:

  • Cleat wiring is not suitable for those place where smoke, steam, dust, and risk mechanical injury is present.
  • The cable is lying straight in cleats.
  • Do not install this wiring in as specially for stores and flammable places.
  • The cap is not tightly screwed on the base because of cable is damaged and not as loosely screw that as a result, the cable is producing sag.
  • If the cable is passing through under the water pipes, wall or roofs then cables are always passing through met conduits.
  • Switches, sockets, cut out, ceiling rose and lamp holders are always installed on round wooden blocks.
  • The distance between branch circuits for single-phase supply is not less than 2.5 cm and for sub-main 4cm minimum.
  • Always use the wooden bushing on each end of the conduit circuit.

Precautions of casing capping wiring

Some precaution of casing capping wiring system include:

  • Always use the porcelain tube or conduit when the cable is passing through the walls.
  • Always use the porcelain cleat or washed between the wall and casing.
  • The width of the groove of casing capping wiring is about 6mm.
  • All the joints are made, in the junction boxes and also at switches and sockets.
  • Completely varnished the casing and capping before installation.
  • Always use the bridge point when cables are crossing each other.
  • When using this wire, do not insert the phase and neutral wires in one groove.
  • There is no gap present between the casing and caping uses.
  • Fit the caping on the casing tightly and also have screwed.
  • VIR and PVC pipe must be used. 

Basic house wiring rules

The first rule is to remember that basic wiring can be too dangerous. Never attempt to do it without a good understanding of how it works and safe work practice. Here we have to explain some basic housing wiring rules.

If you are handling the wiring yourself follow all the safety precautions from the beginning to the end of the project to help ensure the safety of your family, your neighbor, and your property. It will also guarantee longevity.

Here we explain some basic housing wiring rules:

  • Carry out the wiring on the distribution system.
  • Don't allow wiring to run above the ceiling.
  • The fixed switchboard at the proper height.
  • Use earth wire of proper gauge.
  • Make use of copper conductor.
  • Always replace wires that show signs of deteriorations.
  • You should never touch any plumbing or gas pipes while working with electricity and its because they are may time used to ground electrical system.
  • A proper plan to ahead for any type of wiring.
  • Don't exceed the load on a circuit.
  • If you overload outlets or extension cords it's going to create a fire hazard.
  • Never utilize damaged wiring or elements.
  • Before you do any electrical work make sure that the power is off at the breaker.
  • A voltage tester is a cheap life insurance policy when working with high voltage.
  • It is easier and faster to complete your wiring if you make sure you have got all the tools you require and always use the suitable tools.
  • Do you conceal conduit wires is used in wall, you will never spics wires together and conceal them within a wall without a junction box, it is a fire hazard. So put in an accessible junction box for the connected wires.
  • When you work with electricity. You should never touch or try repairing any electrical appliances or circuits with wet hands. 
  • Never use an aluminum or steel ladder because if you are working on any receptacle at hight in your home. An electrical surge will ground you and the whole electric current will pass through your all body. so use bamboo.
  • Never use any equipment with frayed cords, and damaged insulation or some broken plugs.

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What is electrical wiring

As we all know the wiring system is dangerous for life, it is a potentially dangerous task if done improperly. There are many different types of electrical wiring systems. Let us look at the different types of electrical wiring that are used in home electrical and some domestic properties. Wiring technology will help to understand a few basic terms used in describe wiring. Electrical wiring is one type of conductor., which is a material that conducts electricity. In our home application, most of the wire is used in the insulated, meaning that they are wrapped in a nonconductive plastic coating. 

Let we have to understand the basic home electrical wiring and domestic electrical wiring types: 

Conduit wiring:

 Conduit wiring is provided by mechanical protection and also provides electrical safety to persons and property and provides convenient and accessible ducts for the conductor. As well designed electrical raceway system has adequate capacity for future expansion and readily adaptable to changing some conditions. 

Casing capping wiring:

 Casing capping wiring is one of the oldest methods for the wiring system and it has been very popular is frequently used. In today's world, after post introduction of the conduit or sheathed wiring system, it is preferred for the wiring system. 

Concealed conduit wiring:

 The concealed conduit wiring system is the most popular, most common type of house electrical wiring used. Conduit wiring is a professional way if wiring a building and domestic wiring

Batten wiring system:

 This is when a single wire or some group of wire is laid over a wooden batten. The wires are held to the batten using a brass clip and spaced at an interval of 10 cm for horizontal runs and 15 cm for vertical runs.

 Lead sheathed wiring system:

 Lead sheathed wiring system that uses conductors that are insulated with VIR and that are covered with an outer sheath of lead aluminum alloy which contains about 95% almost lead. This metal sheath gives protection to cables from cables mechanical damage, atmospheric corrosion, and moisture.

 Cleat wiring:

Cleat wiring comprises of PVC insulated wires or ordinary VIR that are braided ad compounded. This type of wiring is most suitable for temporary wiring purposes such as in marriage halls, some events, etc so the most important advantage of this wiring system is it saves labor cost and installation cost. This type of wiring can be very easily installed and materials can be recovered for further use.

Casing capping wiring | Definition | instantiation | Advantages | Applications

Introduction:


This is one of the simple forms of electrical wiring systems. Casing capping is one of the oldest methods for the wiring system and it has been very popular is frequently used. In today's world, after post introduction of the conduit or sheathed wiring system, it is preferred for the wiring system. This post will discuss casing capping wiring system, types of joint, 2 way and 3-way design, advantages and disadvantages, applications, etc. 

What is casing capping wiring?


As the name referred to in this wiring. the PVC insulated wires are placed in plastic casing and covered in with a cap. Hence its name is to be casing capping wiring. The process of connecting some accessories for distributing electrical energy from suppliers to home appliances such as lamps, fans, and other domestic appliances is known as the electrical wiring. It is one of the simplest forms of electrical wiring systems.  When you have to use in casing capping wiring the best precaution of is that always use porcelain cleat or washed in between the wall and casing

Casing capping wiring installation


The design is available for 2 way and 3 way. Before we are installing a 3 mm round insulator is used between the casing and the wall to prevent the humidity of the wall affecting the casing.

casing capping installation
Casing capping installation


The second step involves grooving the surface with a width of 1/4 inch which is available in 2 way and 3-way design. The screws are drilled into the casing at a distance of 30 cm to each other.

types of joint used in casing capping
Types of joint

 This wiring can be installed in both vertical as well as horizontal positions. Different types of joints are used in this wiring system such as T joint, bridge joint or in L joint, etc.

PVC casing capping product features:

  • Easy to installation
  • Easy to use
  • Completely shockproof
  • Fine finish
  • Durable 

Advantages and disadvantages of casing capping:


 Advantages of casing capping wiring:
  • If phase and the neutral wire are installed in the separate slot then repairing is easy.
  • Stay for a long time in the field due to the strong installation of casing and caping.
  • This wiring system is a strong and long-lasting wiring system.
  • Repairing becomes very easy if the phase and neutral wire are installed in separate slots.
  • It is cheaper compared to a steel conduit and sheeted wiring system.
  • It is considered as safe from smoke, dampness, and humidity.
  • Customized installation can be done very easily for this system.
  • Reduced risk of electric shock can be expected because all the cables are covered.
  • This wiring system is cheap and durable.
Disadvantages of casing capping wiring:
  • The humidity is directly effected by casing and capping, therefore, this wiring system is not used for humidity places.
  • The initial cost of the system is high, so it is expensive.
  • Costly to repairing and need more materials.
  • The material can't be found easily in the contemporary.
  • The place of acid and alkaline are present this system is not suitable.
  • While ants may damage the casing and caping wood.

For detailed information: 

 Read more >> Advantages and disadvantages of casing capping wiring

Applications: 

  • Distributing the surface household wires 
  • This wiring system can be used covering as well as protecting, unconcealed wiring
  • Low voltage devices used in homes and offices
Explore more information:

You will also learn some other wiring system:


We hope that you have got a better understanding of this concept. Furthermore, any quires regarding this concept or some electrical and electronics projects give your feedback in the comment section below. 

What is concealed conduit wiring | Material required | Tools | Procedure | Precaution | Applications

The concealed conduit wiring system is the most popular, most common type of house electrical wiring used. Conduit wiring is a professional way if wiring a building and domestic wiring. Let us talk about what is conduit wiring, materials and tools are used in conduit wiring and how to install, uses, precautions a concealed conduit wiring system.

What is concealed conduit wiring?

In this method of wiring, all the conduits are installed into the wall and the conduit should be covered by the list 1/4 inch of plaster in sunken work.

 Do you conceal conduit wires is used in wall, you will never spics wires together and conceal them within a wall without a junction box, it is a fire hazard. So you use proper wiring rules for how to used wires in-wall and put in an accessible junction box for the connected wires.

Materials used in Concealed Conduit Wiring:


Materials:
  • Wooden board
  • Installation tap
  • Junction box
  • ceiling rose
  • Lamp holder
  • PVC cable
  • Main witch 
  • Switch
  • Sockets
  • screws
  • Tees
  • Elbow
  • Kitke fuse 
  • Bushing

Tools used in Concealed Conduit Wiring :


Tools:
  • File
  • Megger
  • Knife
  • Hummer
  • Wood saw
  • Hack saw
  • Pipe wrench
  • Screw wrench
  • Drill machine 
  • Measuring tape
  • Combinational plier
  • Stock and die set
  • Phase tester
  • Nose plier
  • Metal hook
  • Stair

The procedure of concealed conduit wiring:

We all know that the concealed wiring the except meaning of that concealed conduit wiring. It is very laborious to install. The layout of this wiring is done under the wall of the building. Conduit wiring pipes are buried under the plaster of the wall with GI wire inside. After, with the uses of GI wires, the main PVC insulated cables are drawn through the conduit system.

Precautions of concealed conduit wiring:

  • The interior surface of the conduit must be clean and dry otherwise the cables may suffer damage.
  • Every metal box must be earthed
  • Always use the looping method.
  • The conduit must be installed during building construction work in the concrete ceiling.
  • All the safety precautions which are taken in the surface conduit system will also be implied in a concealed system.
  • Whenever conduit is to be buried by concrete special care must be taken, otherwise, liquid cement may enter the conduit.

Uses of concealed conduit wiring:

  • Home
  • Hospitals
  • Commercial place
  • Bungalows
  • Cold storage
  • Railway station 
  • Record room
  • Laboratory
  • Workshop
  • Mosques

Explore more information: 
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