Advantages and disadvantages of smartphones

  1. Nowadays we have to use a smartphone that has more technology in them than the spacecraft that we sent to the moon 50 years ago. Cellular concepts have helped us to create a significant improvement to communication and information access in almost every corner of the world. Here this page gives some informative information related to the smartphone.

If you want to learn some different you are the right place for reading so keep reading for a few minutes for the right information regarding the Advantages and disadvantages of smartphones.

Advantages of a smartphone:
  • They are multifunctional
  • They store large file
  • Quick to communicate 
  • Information stays protected and confidential
  • It is cheaper communication
  • Easy internet access in anywhere
  • Students can easily communicate easily around the campus
  • Important information can be sent through email by using reminders
  • People can communicate via facebook, twitter, etc instead of making a phone calls
  • Attract top students with leading-edge technology
  • Prepare students for the work environment access to real-world technology
  • Also, the smartphone has a GPS that can be used to locate new places. It's a good idea to have a GPS when travelling to you in unknown places to help you find the place you're looking for. The smartphone will help you navigate your tour.
Disadvantages of smartphones:
  • Lack of connection in class
  • Students cant interact with each other
  • Smartphone are expensive
  • People become anti-social
  • The repair is expensive
  • Can be complicated
  • Oral communication decreases  in workplace
  • Chat room slow down productivity in day to day life
  • Less personal
  • The student becomes relaxed and lazy towards their school work so this then affects their school work
  • Smartphones are not durable especially when not it has taken good care of. Example: When they come into contact with water it can malfunction easily
  • Many applications which need to be the smartphone, need to be also mastered to avoid confusion when it operating it
  • The keyboard size of the smartphone is too awkward and therefore causes confusion 
  • A smartphone cannot be used to store a large amount of data due to their storage memory

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Difference between active and reactive power

The main significant difference between the active and reactive power is that the active power is the actual power which is dissipated in the circuit, whereas the reactive power is the power which only flows between the source and loads only. Let us have a deep insight into the difference between active and reactive power in this article. 

Definition of active power:

The actual amount of power dissipated or perform the useful work in the circuit is called as the active power or true power. It is measured in watts, practically it must be measured in KW and MW IN power system.

Definition of reactive power : 

The average value of the second term in the above-derived expression is zero, so the power contributed by these terms is zero. The component which is proportional to VI sin is called the reactive power and it is defined as a Q. 

Difference between Active & Reactive power : 

  • The active power is the real power consumes by the load, whereas the reactive power is useless power.
  • The active power is the real power and is measured in watts while the reactive power is measured in VAR.
  • The active power is the product of the voltage, current and the cosine of the angle between them, on the other hand, the reactive power is the product of voltage and current and the sine of the angle between them.
  • Active power is represented in the form of a capital letter of  'P' while reactive power represented in the form of Q.
  • The wattmeter measure the active power and VAR meter is used for measuring the apparent power.
  • The torque that develops in the motor the heat dissipated in the heater and the light that emit through the lamps all these produces because of the active power. The reactive power determines the power factor of the circuit.
  • Active power must be calculated in the form of P = V*I*COS∅ ,  while reactive power must be calculated in the form of  Q =  V*I*SIN∅.
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EMF Vs Voltage

Both voltage and EMF describe the electrical potential difference but are different terms. The terms voltage has a common use and it is same as the electrical potential difference. But EMF is a specific term and also used to describe a voltage generated by a battery.

The voltage found is very small compared to EMF and it is a result of the internal resistance of the source itself which is leading the drop in the voltage.

If you want to learn some different you are the right place for reading so keep reading for a few minutes for the right information regarding voltage and EMF.

Definition of EMF and voltage:

EMF: The amount of energy supply by the source to each coulomb of charge.
Voltage: Energy use by a unit charge to move from one point to another.

Difference between EMF and voltage are given below.
  • The EMF is represented by E where the voltage is represented is V.
  • EMF is the voltage generated by a source like a battery or a generator.
  • EMF(E) = I(R+r), Voltage (V) = IR.
  • EMF is generated by the electrochemical cell, photodiodes, photodiodes, etc while the voltage is caused by the electric and magnetic field.
  • The EMF is the measure of energy supply to each coulomb of charge whereas the voltage is the energy use by one coulomb of charge to move from one point to another.
  • EMF is a measure between the endpoint of the source when no current flows through it while the voltage measured between any two points.
  • The EMF is measured between the endpoint of the source, when no current flow through it, whereas the voltage is measured between any two points of the closed circuit.
  • Voltages in a circuit voltage drop are in the possible direction of EMF and their sum is equal to EMF according to Kirchhoff's law.
  • EMF is measured by EMF meter while voltage is measured by a voltmeter.
  • EMF has constant intensity with greater magnitude while voltage is non-constant intensity lower than EMF.
Summary:

The EMF force of the source is equal to the work that some external source has to do to move the charging unit from one pole of the source to another but through the source. Voltage in the outer part of the circuitry is much equal to the work that needs be done by the electric force to move the charging unit from one pole of the source to the other but through the wire.

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PWM full form

What is the full form of PWM?

  • Pulse Width Modulation

What does PWM mean?

PWM is a form of signal processing, it is a technique for getting an analog result with digital means. Digital modulations are controlled is used to create a square wave, a signal switched between on and off.

Difference between potential difference and EMF

We all know that the potential difference and electromotive force both in the form of energy. One of the major key difference between P.D and EMF is that the EMF is caused by converting the other form of the energy into electrical energy whereas in P.D is the difference the electrical energy is converted into other forms of energy some of the major difference is given below.

If you want to learn some different you are the right place for reading so keep reading for a few minutes for the right information regarding P.D and EMF.

Definition of Potential Difference :


The potential difference is defined as the amount of energy can be used to moving from one point to another by one coulomb of charge. It is the measurement in volt and represented by the symbol of V. 

Definition of EMF : 


Electromotive force: The EMF is the total voltage induced by the source. It is also the amount of energy supplied by the source to each coulomb of charge, It is measured in volts and represented by an E.

Difference between P.D and EMF : 

  • EMF stands for electromotive force while P.D stands for potential difference.
  • Potential difference is the difference of potentials between any two points in a closed circuit while EMF is the maximum potential difference between the two electrodes of the cell when no current drawn from the cell.i.e  when the circuit is open.
  • P.D is the amount of energy used by the one coulomb of change while EMF force is the measure of the energy that it gives to each Colomb of change.
  • P.D is the effect while EMF is the cause.
  • P.D is a symbol of V, while EMF is the symbol of E.
  • P.D does not remain constant, EMF remain constant.
  • P.D is proportional to the resistance between the given point, EMF is independent of the resistance of the circuit.
  • P.D is measured between any two points of the circuit while EMF is used only for the source of EMF.
  • P.D is greater than EMF when the cell is being charged while EMF is greater than the potential difference between any two points in a circuit.
  • P.D is less than the maximum voltage obtainable current from the cell, EMF is the maximum voltage that can be obtained from the cell.
  • P.D is not responsible for the flow of steady current in the cell, EMF is responsible for the flow of steady current in the cell.
  • P.D is represented by the voltmeter reading in a closed circuit(when the circuit is closed) while in EMF is represented by the voltmeter reading in an open circuit(when the switch is opened).
  • A voltmeter is used for measuring the P.D while EMF meter is used for measuring the electromotive force.
  • P.D  = E - IR, R= total external resistance while EMF (E) = I(R+r), R+r = Total external resistance and total internal resistance, I = total current
  • Bothe P.D and EMF  are measured in volts(V). 
  • P.D loses the electrical energy in the circuit, EMF force gains the electrical energy in the circuit.
  • P.D is directly dependent on the resistance between two points of measurement while EMF does not depend on circuit resistance.
  • P.D  is generated only in an electric field, EMF  is induced in the electric, magnetic and gravitational field.
  • P.D is always less than the maximum possible value of EMF, EMF is the maximum voltage that battery can deliver whereas the magnitude of the P.D.
  • P.D does not exist in the circuit when the magnitude of current remains zero while the EMF force exists in the circuit when the current does not flow in the circuit.
  • The magnitude of the potential difference varies while the magnitude of EMF has always remained constant.
  • The magnitude of electromotive force is always greater than potential difference when the circuit is unchanged but when the circuit is fully charged the magnitude of the potential difference is equal to the EMF of the circuit.
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Difference between decoder and demultiplexer

The key difference between a decoder and demultiplexer is that the former is a logic circuit that decrypted an encoded bitstream from one format into another, while the latter is a combination circuit that routes a single input line to multiple digital output line. Let us have a deep insight into the difference between decoder and demultiplexer. 

Difference : 
  • The decoder is a logic circuit that decodes an encrypted input stream from one format to another while DEMUX is a combination circuit that used to implement general-purpose logic. It routes a single input signal to one of many output signals.
  • The decoder is the inverse function of an encoder, which is translate coded digital input signals into equivalent coded output signals while DEMUX, on the other hand, does exactly the opposite of what a multiplexer does, which is to consolidate several data streams into a single stream of media or information.
  • The decoder does not include select line while it is included in the demultiplexer.
  • A decoder is used in the machine-specific language to change the instruction format while a routing device is used in the demultiplexer to route data from one signal to multiple signals.
  • Decoding is employed data-intensive applications where data need to be changed into another form while demultiplexing is majorly implemented in the networking application.
  • The decoder is generally categorized into 2 to 4 decoders, 3 to 8 decoders and 4 to 16 decoder while demultiplexer, on the other hand, is classified into 1-4 demultiplexers, 1-8 demultiplexer, and 1-16 demultiplexer.
  • The decoder takes n input lines and produces 2^n out[ut lines, unlike an encoder which takes 2^n input lines and produces n output line whereas a demultiplexer transmits data from one line to 2^n  possible output lines, where the output line is determined by n select lines.
  • Both multiplexer and demultiplexer are widely used in communication systems such as telecommunication and networking solutions. It receives the output signal from the multiplexer and converts it back into the original format. The decoder is used in a variety of applications such as wireless communication, data demultiplexing, memory address decoding and many more.
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Difference between active and passive sensors

What is an active sensor?

Active sensors create their own electromagnetic energy that is transmitted from the towards the terrain, interacts with the terrain producing a backscatter pf energy and is recorded the remote sensor's receiver.

 What is a passive sensor?

 The passive sensor detects the naturally emitted microwave energy within its field of view.

The main key difference between active and passive sensors are given below.

Active sensor : 
  • An active sensor is transducer generates electric current or voltage directly in response to environmental stimulation.
  • Active sensor both transmit and measure electromagnetic energy.
  • Active sensor self destructs during hijack attempts.
  • Active sensor actively transmits measurement to ground stations whether the personnel on duty want the data or not.
  • The active sensor emits their own EM energy which is transmitted towards the earth and receives energy reflected from the earth. The received EM(electromagnetic) energy is used for measurement purpose.
  • It provides their own energy source for illumination.
  • Active sensors are able to obtain measurement anytime.
  • Example of active sensor like communication satellite, earth observation satellite, LISS -1, etc.
Passive sensor :
  • The passive sensor is transducer produces a change in some passive electrical quantity such as capacitance, resistance or inductance as a result of the stimulation. These usually require additional electrical energy for excitation.
  • The passive sensor only measures electromagnetic energy.
  • The passive sensor has no defence against enemy attack.
  • Passive sensors wait patiently until data are requested.
  • The passive sensor receives naturally emitted EM energy within its field of view and performs measurement using it.
  • Passive sensors can only be used to detect energy when naturally when the naturally occurring energy is available.
  • Passive sensors can obtain measurement only in the day time.
  • Example of passive sensor like remote sensing satellite, SPOT-1, LANDSAT-1, etc.
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Difference between multiplexer and demultiplexer

Multiplexer and demultiplexer are two common jargon in the network transmission field. This post will give you information about the difference between multiplexing and demultiplexing to better understand this topic. No matter whether you have any question about your network connection not, It is better to have a general understanding of them in case we need. Let us have a deep insight into the difference between multiplexer and demultiplexer. 

What is multiplexer?

The multiplexer is a method in which more than one signal are combined into one signal that travels on a medium.
  • It has so many inputs and one output.
  • People call it MUX.
  • It includes data selectors. 
  • In MUX the selection of particular input is controlled by a set of selection lines.
  • Parallel to serial conversion.
  • We don't need additional gates when designing multiplexers.
  • Examples of multiplexer 8 input 1 output, 16 input 1 output, 32 input 1 output.

What is demultiplexer?

The demultiplexer is a reverse of multiplexing. In this method, a multiplexed signal is again decomposed in individual signals.
  • It has one input and many outputs.
  • People call it DEMUX.
  • It includes data distributors. 
  • In DEMUX output line selection is controlled by bit values of n selection lines.
  • Serial to parallel connection.
  • Additional gates are included when designing de-multiplexer.
  • Examples of demultiplexer 1 input 8 output, 1 input 16 output, 1 input 32 output.

Difference between MUX and DEMUX :

  • MUX and DEMUX are that multiplexers are N to 1 device but demultiplexer is 1 to N device.
  • Multiplexer with the help of control signals selects the particular input that has to be transmitted at the output. Demultiplexer utilized the control signal and allows us to have multiple outputs.
  • Both MUX and DEMUX are combinational logic circuit used in the communication system but their operation is exactly reverse of each other as one operates on multiple inputs and other on a single input.
  • In MUX system is an increasing the efficiency of the communication system by allowing the transmission data, such as audio and video data transmission while in DEMUX receive the output signals from the multiplexer and convert them back to the original form at the receiver end.

Conclusion :

From all, that above it is easier for you to tell the difference between multiplexing and demultiplexing. Both systems are bidirectional nature but the operation of the two are exactly opposite to each other. They are the reverse process of each and it can be applied to many occasions. So we conclude that both are two technologies widely used in CWDM and DWDM. The device used for multiplexing is a multiplexer and a device used for demultiplexing is a demultiplexer. Nowadays a typical device will have both MUX and DEMUX capabilities. 

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  1. Difference between decoder and demultiplexer

Difference between volte and LTE

The terms LTE and VoLTE are often thrown around so much, especially when it comes to marketing, that their meaning is often confused and muddled so that they often don't understand what the terms mean or what they entail. Both are often used together for marketing but in reality, the two are completely different things though one is depended on the other. 

VoLTE network supports both voice and data same time without hampering the other. Whereas the traditional LTE network may or may not support data and voice together or may affect the quality of the voice call.

The main key difference between VoLTE and LTE are given below.
  • VoLTE stands for voice over LTE while LTE stands for long term evolution.
  • VoLTE designed to carry both voice and data while LTE is primarily designed to be data-only technology.
  • VoLTE support voice as well as data while LTE does not natively support voice transmission.
  • In  VoLTE voice quality remains excellent when a data connection is on while the quality of voice reduce if the data connection is left on in LTE device.

Here this pose also give why VoLTE is better than LTE?
  • Voice quality is better in VoLTE.
  • VoLTE can connect calls faster.
  • Use of VoLTE may save phone battery.
  • VoLTE allows you video calls without using any third-party apps.
  • You can keep the data connection on while making a voice call.

Summary:
  • LTE is the next generation of mobile technology.
  • LTE offers a high data transfer rate over a 4G network.
  • VoLTE supports both voice and data simultaneously without affecting the quality of others.

Difference between resistance and impedance

Definition of resistance and impedance:

 Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current offered by a substance. It is represented by the R.

 Impedance is total opposition to the flow of AC current because of any three components that are resistive, capacitive or inductive. It is represented by Z.

 The basic difference between resistance and impedance is explained below keeping in mind the various factors like the basic definition of resistance and impedance, real and imaginary numbers, phase angle, power dissipation, and energy stored. 

 The main key difference between resistance and impedance are given below.
  • Resistor occurs in both AC and DC circuit whereas impedance takes place the contribution of both resistance in an AC circuit.
  • Resistance is the contribution of the resistive element in the circuit while the contribution of both resistance and reactance forms impedance.
  • Resistance denoted by R while impedance denoted by Z.
  • The opposition offered to the flow of current in an electric circuit whether AC or DC is known as the resistance, the opposition offered to the flow of current in an AC circuit because of resistance, capacitance and inductance are known as impedance.
  • Impedance has both magnitude and phase angle whereas resistance does not have any phase angle.
  • The resistance of the circuit does not vary according to the frequency of AC or DC whereas impedance varies with the change in frequency.
  • Impedance is subjected to a magnetic field it represents both power dissipation and energy storage while resistance is an electromagnetic field represents power dissipation in any material.
  • Resistance is a simple value consisting of only real number while the impedance of both real and imaginary numbers.
  • Resistance is too much simple while in impedance will consider reactance in addition to resistance to determine it.
  • Impedance may often take into consideration the overall circuit while resistance may or may not.
  • Resistance is pure ohmic impedance.
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Difference between inductor and capacitor

The main key difference between the inductor and capacitor is that the inductor opposes an abrupt change in current whereas the capacitor opposes an abrupt change in voltage. This article is intended to cover the main difference between capacitor and inductor on the basis of units, energy storage, DC behavior, current flow, types, phasor diagram, applications, series, and parallel connection.

Inductor and capacitor both are the passive components of an electrical circuit. A capacitor consists of two metallic plates or conductor which are separated by a dielectric medium. An electric field set up because of the potential difference between the twp conductors or we can say between the two plates while in the inductor is the type of coil that stores energy in the form of magnetic flux. when an electric current is passed through a coil, voltage is developed across the coil due to a change in the magnetic field.

The main key difference between inductance and capacitance are given below.
  • Inductance is a property of current-carrying conductors which generates a magnetic field around the conductor while capacitance is the ability of a device to store electric charge.
  • Inductance is measured by henry(H) while in capacitance is measured in farads(F) and is symbolized as C.
  • In an inductor current passes through the coil but there is no flow of current through the capacitor plates but 
  • The capacitor acts as an insulator for the DC circuit whereas inductors act as a conductor for the DC circuit.
  • Inductor behaves as a short circuit to the steady-state condition in DC whereas the capacitor acts as an open circuit to the steady-state condition in DC circuit.
  • Capacitance stores energy in the form of electric field whereas inductor stores energy in the form of the magnetic field.
  • In an AC circuit for the capacitor, current leads voltage by 90 degrees and in case of inductor current lags voltage by 90 degrees.
  • Energy stored in the capacitor is calculated in terms of voltage (1/2*CV^2) while in inductor energy stored is calculated in terms of current, 1/2*LI^2.
  • Capacitance is the dominating component in high pass filter while in inductance is the dominating component in low pass filter.
  • Capacitance is associated with capacitors. there are several types of capacitors used in circuits while in inductor the electrical component associated with inductance is knowns as inductors which usually coils with core or without a core.
  • The inductor is equivalent to a short to the direct current while the capacitor acts as a short circuit in the alternating current.
  • An inductor resists the change in the current while capacitor resists the change in voltage.
  • Coupled inductor, multi-layers ceramic core inductor moulded inductor are some of the types of inductor while in ceramic, electrolytic and tantalum are some of the types of capacitor.
  • In case of the inductor when it is added in series with a resistor the value of current is small at starting but gradually it increases with time while in the capacitor is added in series with a resistor the current initially becomes high but later it falls to zero.
  • Low-frequency AC voltages cannot pass through capacitors as they act as barriers to low frequencies while in inductors response to slow changing voltages high-frequency AC voltage cannot pass through inductors.
  • The inductor is used in radio, TV, chokes, automobile spark plug, transformer, etc while in a capacitor is used in high voltage power supplies and where high capacity values are needed.
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Difference between resistor and capacitor

Resistor and capacitor are two of the most fundamental concept in electronics. These two ideas play a vital role in almost every electronic device we use today. We all know that resistor is the ability to resist the flow of electric current through it while the capacitor is the ability to oppose the change of voltage across it. Let us have a deep insight into the comparison between resistor and capacitor. 

 The main key difference between the resistor and the capacitor are given below.
  • The resistor is a represents the amount of resistance in an electrical circuit while the capacitor is a represents the amount in an electrical circuit.
  • Resistor dissipates energy in the form of heat, whereas capacitors store energy in an electric field.
  • Resistance is a value of the material itself, capacitance is a value of the combination of objects.
  • The resistor is an electronic component that limits or regulates the flow of current in a circuit while the capacitor is an electronic component that stores an electric charge in the form of an electrostatic field.
  • Resistance depends on the temperature while capacitance does not.
  • The function of the resistor is to control the flow of current to other components of a circuit whereas a capacitor is a function of to keep positive and negative charges separated from each other.
  • The resistor is measured in ohms while the capacitor is measured in farads.
  • Resistor behaves similarity to both AC and DC but capacitors act in two different manners.
  • Resistor=Volt/Current while Capacitor=Charge/Voltage.
  • In resistor hooked into a circuit to have the currents and voltages that you want precisely in your circuit while the capacitor is a charge and discharges the electric charge stored in the circuit.
  • Resister used in precision circuits, logic circuits, RF circuits and capacitor used in waveform generation, filtering, blocking and bypass applications. 
  • The resistor can not improve power factor whereas the capacitor used to improve power factor for inductive load. 
  • The resistor can not create a phase difference between current and voltage while the capacitor creates it.  
  • The resistor creates a unity power factor whereas the capacitor creates a leading power factor. 
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Difference between ups and inverter

Today we all know that electricity has become a necessity. Almost all of our work requires electricity. We need electricity for laptops, electric cookers, mobile, computers, coolers, phones, etc. The main difference between the UPS power supply provides power supply even when there is a power cut. UPS is mostly used for desktop computer backup while the inverter is a power backup solution. It converts DC  current to AC and supply. Here this post gives information about the difference between UPS and inverter to better understand this topic.
The main key differences between UPS and Inverter are given below.
  • UPS is the electric device that has a rectifier for providing the backup power to the system whereas the inverter converts the AC into DC. So the UPS provides the electrical backup power, and the inverter provides the electronics backup power supply.
  • The main function of the UPS is to store the electric supply while the inverter converts the AC power into DC power.
  • The UPS is more expensive as compared to the inverter device.
  • During the power outages, the UPS immediately switches over from the mains supply to the battery whereas the inverter has a time delay.
  • The UPS is directly connected to the home appliances whereas the inverter is first linked to the battery and then attached to the appliance circuits.
  • The online, offline, and line interruptive are the types of UPS but the inverter is of two types.
  • UPS, and Inverter both do not create noise.
  • UPS does not have voltage fluctuations compared to the inverter.
  • The UPS provides the backup supply for a very short duration while the inverter supplies the power for an extended period.
  • The UPS does not have voltage fluctuation because its input is independent of the output supply while the inverter has too much voltage variation.
  • The UPS is used for domestic purposes like offices, and industries whereas the inverter is used in the office.
  • The rectifier and battery are built into the circuit of the UPS while inverter has an external battery for storing the DC power.
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Advantages and disadvantages of star and delta connection

A star-delta starter is the most commonly used method for the stating of 3 phase induction motor. In star connection, the starting or finishing ends of three coils are connected together to form the neutral point. A common wire is taken out from the neutral point which is called neutral while in delta connection the opposite end of three coils is connected together. Here this page gives information about the pros and cons of star and delta connection to better understand this topic.


Advantages of star connections:
  • Used for high voltage
  • Common neutral point
  • Good for unbalanced loading
  • Each phase is a separate circuit
  • Dual voltage applications 
  • Star connection can distribute the load evenly
  • Star connection alternator requires lesser insulation
  • Star connection alternator requires a lesser number of turns than delta for the same voltage
  • Ability to spread the load between the phases
  • Availability of single phase at a lower voltage
  • The neutral point can be earthed

Disadvantages of star connections:
  • Less torque
  • Construction involves combining 3 single phases into 1
  • Secondary distribution, light-duty applications
  • Construction cost is more expensive

Advantages of delts connections:
  • More torque
  • Efficient
  • Simple motor design
  • Heavy-duty application
  • Protection is simple and less costly
  • Used in rotatory conveyors
  • While use delta connection, less current per winding for the same power output
  • Major applications in power generation, transmission, and distribution
  • The transformer secondary provides all the 3 phases
  • Construction cost is low

Disadvantages of Delta connections:
  • No common neutral point
  • Detecting earth ground faults is difficult
  • Low voltage connection

Summary : 

If power is kept constant, delta connection has lower voltage and high current capacity whereas a star connection has higher voltage and low current capacity. 

Difference between active and passive components

Definition of active and passive components :

Active component: The active component is a device which can amplify the output signal of an electronic circuit with more power in it than the input signal.

Passive component: The passive component is a device which stores or maintains energy in the form of voltage or current are known as passive components.

The main key difference between Active and passive components is that active component is those who deliver or produce energy or power in the form of voltage or current while passive components are those who utilize or store energy in the form of voltage or current.

Difference between active and passive components :
  • Active components are energy donor and passive components are energy acceptor. 
  • The active components act as generators, on the other hand, passive components acts as attenuators. 
  • The active device injects power to the circuit, whereas passive devices are incapable of supplying any energy.
  • The active device is capable of providing gain while passive devices are incapable of providing power gain.
  • The active component requires an external source for the operations, Passive components does not require any external source for the operations.
  • Active device can control the current flow within the circuit whereas passive device can not control it.
  • Active components have unidirectional function while passive components have a bidirectional function.
  • Active components are widely used in personal computers while passive components are widely used in MP3 player, washing machine, etc.
  • Active components normally non-linear whereas passive components fall under linear category mostly. 
  • Active components include components like diodes, transistor, IC, battery, etc while passive component includes a resistor, capacitors, inductors, transformers, conductors, etc.

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Difference between induction motor and synchronous motor

AC motors are divided into two types, synchronous motor and induction motor also called an asynchronous motor. The biggest difference is whether the speed of the rotor is consistent with the speed of the rotating magnetic field in the stator. If the rotation speed of the rotor and the stator field are the same called a synchronous motor and if not then is called asynchronous motor. Let us have a deep insight into the difference between induction and synchronous motor. 

The key difference between the induction motor and the synchronous motor is given below.   
  • The synchronous motor is a doubly excited machine whereas an induction motor is a single excited machine.
  • The armature winding of the synchronous motor is energized from an AC source and its field winding from a DC source in the synchronous motor while the stator winding of induction motor is energized from an AC source in an induction motor. 
  • Synchronous motors require an additional DC power source for energizing rotor winding and induction motor does not require an additional power source.
  • The synchronous motor is more efficient than the same output and voltage rating of an induction motor. 
  • A synchronous motor is costlier than the same output and voltage rating of an induction motor.
  • The synchronous motor always runs at synchronous speed, and the speed of the motor is independent of load, but an induction motor always runs less than the synchronous speed. Induction motor speed is decreased if the load increased.
  • The induction motor has self-starting torque, on the other hand, the synchronous motor is not self-starting. It has to be run to synchronous speed by any means before it can be synchronized to AC supply.
  • Slip rings and brushes are required in synchronous motors but not in induction motors.
  • In addition to the supplied torque, the synchronous motor can be used to correct the power factor to drive mechanical load while an induction motor is only used to drive a mechanical load.
  • The synchronous motor can be operated with lagging and leading power by changing its excitation and the induction motor operates only at a lagging power factor. The power factor of the induction motor becomes very poor at light loads.
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