Application of electric drives

In many of the industrial application, an electric motor is one of the most important components. An electric motor is a most important part, it is an energy transmitting device and the working machine. Here this article gives the application of electric drives to know more details about it. 
  • A ceiling fan motor with regulator.
  • A motor and also have conveyor belt with material on its belt.
  • Food mixer without food is processed.
  • It is also used a large number of industrial as well as domestic application.
  • It is also used rolling mills, textile mills as well as some machine tools.
  • Some other application like pumps, robots, washing etc.
  • It can also use various traction like an electric train, electric buses, trams, trolleys, battery driven solar power vehicles.
  • Electric propulsion.
  • Cement kilns.
  • Elevators, escalators, and lift.
  • Automotive applications.
  • Spindles and servos.
  • Plant automation.

Difference between Bluetooth and Zigbee

Bluetooth technology is a wireless device system through which some electronic devices communicate with each other. It has features like a low cost, short range and also has less power consumption while in Zigbee network is a specification set of wireless protocols devices that have been designed for data transfer by the very low power device. So now let us check out the difference between Bluetooth and Zigbee to know more details about it.

Definition :
  • Bluetooth: It is wireless technology through which electronic devices communicate with each other. It can be used for the creation of a personal network that operates in the 2.4 GHz unlicensed band and with a range of 10 meters.
  • Zigbee: In Zigbee a specification for a set of wireless protocols that have been designed for data transfer by low-power devices. It is based on a format IEEE 802.15 standard. 
Origin :

  • Bluetooth: It launches in the year of 1994 by Swedish telecom giant Ericsson. It was named after a famous European unification king, Harald Blatant.
  • Zigbee: Devised in the year 1998. It is named after the movement of a honeybee.
Protocol update :
  • Bluetooth: Updated under versions like 2.0, 2.1, 3.0, 4.0 etc.
  • Zigbee : Zigbee and Zigbee pro.
Management :
  • Bluetooth: Bluetooth SIG (special interest group).
  • Zigbee: Managed by Zigbee alliance.
Network topology :

  • Bluetooth: In Bluetooth technology like Ad hoc and very small network.
  • Zigbee: While in Zigbee technology like Ad hoc, peer-to-peer, star, and mesh.
Protocol stack :
  • Bluetooth: 250 Kb.
  • Zigbee: < 32 Kb.
Range :
  • Bluetooth: 10-100 meters.
  • Zigbee : 30-100 meters.
Link rate :
  • Bluetooth: 1 Mbps.
  • Zigbee: 250 Kbps.
Air interface :
  • Bluetooth: FHSS.
  • Zigbee: DSSS.
Network join time :
  • Bluetooth: Long.
  • Zigbee: Short.
Usage :
  • Bluetooth: Frequently.
  • Zigbee: Unfrequented.
Battery :
  • Bluetooth: Reachable.
  • Zigbee: not reachable.
Battery life (days ) :
  • Bluetooth: 1-7.
  • Zigbee: 10-1000s.
A number of supported nodes:
  • Bluetooth:  7 (star).
  • Zigbee : 65536 (mesh).
Power requirement :
  • Bluetooth: 100 mA.
  • Zigbee: 10 mA.
Development cost :
  • Bluetooth: 1.
  • Zigbee: 0.5.
Sensitivity :
  • Bluetooth: -82 dBm.
  • Zigbee: -92 dbm.
Network size :
  • Bluetooth: 7.
  • Zigbee: Unlimited.
Typical network join time :
  • Bluetooth : 3 sec.
  • Zigbee: 30 milliseconds.
Success metrics :
  • Bluetooth: Cost Convenience
  • Zigbee: Reliability, power, cost.
Complexity :
  • Bluetooth: Complex.
  • Zigbee: Simple.
Physical layer standard :
  • Bluetooth: 802.15.1.
  • Zigbee: 802.15.4.
Application focus :
  • Bluetooth: Applications like cable replacement, mouse, wireless keyboard, headsets etc.
  • Zigbee: Applications like Monitoring control, SCADA system sensor, TV remote control, medical instrument etc.
System resources :
  • Bluetooth: 250+kB.
  • Zigbee: 4-32 kB.
Linking time :
  • Bluetooth: up to 10s.
  • Zigbee: 30ms.
Security :
  • Bluetooth: SAFER, 64-bit.
  • Zigbee : AES, 128 bit.
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Difference between 3G and 4G

We already know about what is 3G and What is 4G, the basic difference between 3G and 4G is the data transfer and signal quality. So here this article gives information about the difference between 3G and 4G to know more details about it.

Difference between 3G and 4G

Stand for :
  • 3G stands for third generations, 4G stands for fourth generations.
Decades :
  • 3G: 2000.
  • 4G: 2010.
Definition of 3G and 4G :
  • 3G: It is most commonly used for mobile communications standards that allow computers, mobile phones, and other portable electronic devices to access the internet wirelessly.
  • 4G: It is most commonly used for a mobile communication standard intended to replace 3G, allowing wireless internet access at a much higher speed compares to 3G.
Required band :
  • 3G: 1.8 - 2.5 GHz.
  • 4G: 2 - 8 GHz.
Speed :
  • 3G speeds are faster but 4G speed is much faster compared to 3G.
Bandwidth :
  • 3G: 5-20 MHz.
  • 4G: 100 MHz.
Technologies :
  • 3G: Technology is widespread.
  • 4G: Technologies are still on the horizon.
Data transfer rate :
  • 3G : 3.1 Mb/sec.
  • 4G : 100 Mb/sec.
Internet services :
  • In 3G is broadband, 4G is ultra-broadband.
Upload and download speed :
  • 3G Upload speed is - 5 Mbps, 3G Download speed - 100 Mbps.
  • 4G Upload speed is - 500 Mbps, 4G Download speed - 1 Gbps.
Switching method :
  • 3G is a mix of circuit and also have a packet switching network.
  • While 4G is the only packet switching network.
Network architecture :
  • 3G: Wide area network.
  • 4G: Hybrid network.
Mobile TV resolution : 
  • 3G: Low.
  • 4G: High.
Component require for design :
  • 3G: In 3G component require an optimized antenna, multiband different adapters.
  • 4G: In 4G component requires a smarter antenna, wideband radio, and software multi-lane.
IP :
  • 3G : In 3G a number of air link protocol including IP 5.0.
  • 4G: It requires all IP (IP 6.0 ).
Forward error correction :
  • 3G : Turbo codes.
  • 4G : Concatenated codes.
Applications :
  • 3G : CDMA 2000, UMTS, EDGE etc.
  • 4G : WiMAX and LTE advance.
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Difference between IGBT and BJT

IGBT is one type of power switching transistor which combines the advantages of MOSFET device and BJT transistor for the use in power supply and motor controlled circuit. Now let us check it out the information about the difference between IGBT and BJT to know more details about it.
  • First, let we check it out full form of IGBT and BJT. IGBT stands for insulated gate bipolar transistor, BJT stands for bipolar junction transistor.
  • Both have bipolar devices.
  • IGBT is driven by the gate voltage whereas BJT is a current-driven device.
  • BJT is made of an emitter, base, and collector three-terminal device whereas IGBT are known as emitter, collector and base.
  • IGBTs are better in power handling compared to BJT.
  • IGBT can be considered as a combination of BJT and FET devices.
  • IGBT has a complex device structure than BJT.
  • BJT has a long history as compared to IGBT.
  • Both of device IGBT and BJT has low ON-state voltage drop.
  • IGBT has voltage controlled, high input impedance device, and also has easier than current control of BJT.
  • IGBT has a shorter delay time relative to the BJT.
  • IGBT also have excellent forward and reverse blocking capabilities compare to BJT and also MOSFET.
  • IGBT can be easily controlled as compared to current-controlled devices called (BJT) in high voltage and high current applications.
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Difference between JFET and BJT

One of the major differences between JFET and BJT is that JFET is a unipolar device while BJT is a bipolar device. Here this article gives information about the difference between JFET and BJT to know more details about it.

Difference between JFET And BJT:

  • The JFET stands for junction field-effect transistor while BJT stands for the bipolar field-effect transistor.
  • JFET is a unipolar device, and BJT is a bipolar device.
  • JFET is the low noise level, BJT is the high noise level.
  • Booth JEFT and BJT are three-terminal devices. JEFT has three  terminals gate, drain, and source, BJT has three terminals, base, emitter, and collector
  • In JFET the operation depends on the control of a junction depletion under reverse bias while in BJT the operation depends on the injection of minority carrier across the forward bias junction.
  • JFET voltage control device while BJT is a current control device.
  • JFET is easily damaged by static, but BJT is robust.
  • JFET has better thermal stability but  BJT is less thermal stability.
  • JFET is a high input impedance, and BJT is a medium input impedance.
  • JFET has a high current gain device, and BJT has a low current gain device.
  • JFET has a low voltage gain device whereas BJT has a high voltage gain device.
  • JFET has a high output impedance, and BJT has a low output impedance.
  • JFET has a fast switching time whereas we talk about BJT, which has a medium switching time.
  • JFET is difficult to bias but BJT is easy to bias.
  • JFET is more expensive compared to BJT.
  • JFET is less noisy while BJT is much more noisy than FET.
  • JFET is a high-frequency response but in BJT frequency variation affects the performance.
  • Gain is characterized by trance-conductance using JFET, in BJT is characterized by voltage gain.
  • JFET has a small gain-bandwidth product while in BJT bandwidth is greater than FET.
  • JFET has no offset voltage, so it works better as a switch or chopper, BJT has always an offset voltage before switching.
  • BJT is bigger than FET.
  • JFET is preferred to the low voltage applications whereas BJT is preferred to low current applications.
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Difference between JFET and MOSFET

Before we learn about the difference between JFET and MOSFET first let we understand the full meaning of JFET and full meaning of MOSFET. Basically, JFET and MOSFET are types of FET which is a group of field effect transistor, devices the operation of which is connected with electrostatic modulation of conductivity between the source and drain. JFET and MOSFET both devices can be used as switches and amplifiers. Here this article gives information about the difference between JFETs and MOSFET to know more details about it.

Difference between JFET and MOSFET | JFET vs MOSFET

  • JFET called for junction field-effect transistor, MOSFET called for metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor.
  • JFET operated only depletion mode, MOSFET operates in both enhancement and depletion mode.
  • JFET has two P-N junctions, MOSFET has only one P-N junction.
  • JFET is three-terminal devices while MOSFET is four-terminal devices.
  • JFET does not form the capacitance at the channel but in MOSFET capacitor in between channel and gate.
  • JFET is a simple manufacturing process but MOSFET is a difficult manufacturing process.
  • JFET is a conductivity is a control by the reverse biasing of the gate whereas  MOSFET is conductivity is controlled by the carrier induced in the channel.
  • JEFT is a high input impedance while MOSFET is a very high input impedance.
  • JFET is a more flat characteristics curve while MOSFET has less flat characteristics curve.
  • JFET is normally ON the device, MOSFET is normally OFF devices.
  • MOSFET has a reverse body diode, In JFET has no reverse body diode. 
  • JFET is a high gate current while MOSFET is a low gate current.
  • JFET is a high drain current but MOSFET is a low drain current.
  • JFET gate is not insulated from the channel while MOSFET is insulated from the channel.
  • In the JFET channel and gate forms two P-N junctions but in the MOSFET channel and gate from two parallel capacitors.
  • In JFET signal handling capacity is less, in MOSFET signal handling capacity is more.
  • In JFET fabrication is complex and costly but in MOSFET has easy to fabricate and cheap.
  • JFET has a higher drain resistance compared to MOSFET.
  • Leakage current in MOSFET is less than to JFETs.
  • MOSFET is easier to construct and widely used compared to JFETs.
  • JFET is mostly used in low noise applications, MOSFET is mostly used in high noise applications.
  • JFET is power classification is more compared to MOSFET.
  • JFET is a gate margin of around 0.1 to 10 mA/v while in MOSFET has a gate margin around 0.1 to 20 mA/v.
  • JFET is less popular than MOSFET devices and also have MOSFET is widely used today than JFETs.

Difference between thyristor and diode

Both of the device diode and SCR are semiconductor devices with considered as N and P types semiconductor layers. A diode has two terminal called has anode and cathode terminal but in Thyristor have three terminal known as anode, cathode and gate terminal. Both these devices have application dependent advantages. Now let us check it out information about the difference between thyristor and diode to know more details about it.
  • Thyristor has four layers of them whereas diode has only two layers of the semiconductor device.
  • The thyristor can be considered as a pulse-controlled diode in analysis time. 
  • The thyristor can operate higher voltage and current compared to the diodes.
  • Thyristor has there three P-N junctions but in case of a diode is a semiconductor having only one P-N junction.
  • Thyristor has three terminal known as anode, cathode, and gate while diode has two terminal known as anode and cathode.
  • Thyristor works only in one direction while the diode can work in both directions.
  • Power handling capacity is better for SCRs than comparing to other diodes.
  • Basic symbol of the SCR is derived by adding a gate terminal to the symbol of the diode.
  • A diode is a combination of two semiconductors while SCR is a combination of two transistors.
  • A diode is always conducting if the input is given to it but SCR doesn't show this property there is some method to turn ON or to turn OFF to the SCR.
  • The thyristor can be used high current and high voltage application like temperature controller circuit,  battery charging system and energy lighting system while diode can be used logic gates, overall voltage protection, radio demodulation, and power conversion 

Difference between wifi and internet

We all know the meaning of internet and wifi. The Internet is connecting the many computers from around the world. The Internet is to connect many local networks together, via a ton of routers while in Wi-Fi is simply an alternative to network cables as a way to connect devices of local area networks. So Wi-Fi one of the few methods to access the internet, while on the internet is a language by which computer communicate. Now let us check it out information about the difference between Wi-Fi and the internet to know more details about it.

Definition :
  • Wi-Fi: The facility that allows the computer, laptop, cellphone, and other devices to access the internet by locating the signal and then with another wireless in the specified area.
  • Internet: Internet is one of the global computer networks that provide access to people, allowing them various communication, information and also interconnection through a website and other standard communication protocol. 
Connection :
  • Wi-Fi: It connects to the internet to a computer. A wireless device can connect to wifi but not necessary to the internet, 
  • Internet: It connects the different computer with one network. The Internet does not require wifi to connect computers globally.
Features :
  • Wi-Fi: A language through which computers interact with each other for sharing information and other valuable sources.
  • Internet: One of the few methods of accessing the internet from your phone or computer, laptop. 
Requirement :
  • Wi-Fi: A DSL device with Wi-Fi routers for WiFi connection.
  • Internet: A LAN server and device require to connect to the internet.
Uses :
  • WiFi: WiFI uses radio waves to send and receive signals devices to provide internet access. 
  • Internet: Internet is a networking infrastructure that allows you to access data or information from other computers across the world using the TCP/IP protocol.

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Difference between GSM and GPS

GSM and GPS stand for global system for mobile communication and global positioning system for satellites. GSM and GPS tracking device both accomplish a similar task, they do so in very different ways. So here this article gives information about the difference between GSM and GPS to know more details about it.

Full form :
  • GSM stands for global system for mobile communications.
  • GPS stands for the global positioning system.
Definition :
  • GSM is a specification of wireless network infrastructure. This system has been developed by the European telecommunications standards institute.
  • While in GPS is a satellite-based navigation system that was developed by the united states department of defense.
Technology :
  • In GSM an object position is determined using signal strength as well as triangulation from base stations.
  • In GPS triangulation to at least three or four of the 24 satellites that orbit the earth.
Accuracy :
  • In GSM base stations are capable of providing locations in areas like a tunnel and dense areas.
  • In GPS comparatively difficult in the area surrounded by all buildings.
Cost :
  • GSM: It is chipper but less costly.
  • GPS: It is costly but effective.
Mobile tracking :
  • In GSM phones are in general international mobile equipment identity number etc. And are used to track the location of a cell phone.
  • While in GPS  system is digital map etc are used to track the location in real time.

Difference between GSM and GPRS

GPRS is an upgraded basic feature of GSM technology, it allows mobile handsets to obtain much higher data speed than GSM. Here this article gives information about the difference between GSM and GPRS to know more details about it.

What is Global Positioning System(GSM)?

The Global system for mobile communication(GSM) is a worldwide, mobile communication is mostly supported by this technology.  Secondgeneration|(2G) digital mobile systems are represented by the GSM standard set, which was created by the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI). After the third generation(3G) UMTS standard, developed by the 3GPP was developed, The GSM standard was further developed.

What is General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)?

General packet radio service(GPRS) is a global positing system(GSM) features upgrade that provides substantially faster data speeds and easier wireless access to packet data networks than standard GSM. It is the one that sets the standard for 2.5 technology. It allows users to connect to the internet directly. Multimedia messaging services are one of its most well-known offerings (MMS). But only in established areas with strong network connections are GPRS services available.

Difference between GSM and GPRS

  1. Stands for: GSM is called a global system for mobile communication while GPRS stands for general packet radio services.
  2. Architecture: GSM is in general circuit switch architecture, and GPRS is in general packet switch architecture.
  3. Bit rate: GSM has a lower bit rate while GPRS is a higher bit rate.
  4. Data rate: In GSM data rates up to in the range of 9.6 kbps, GPRS data rates up to a range of 14.4 to 15.2 kbps.
  5. Service: GSM is a point-to-point service, GPRS is a multi-point service.
  6. Technology: GSM is a standard bearer of 2G technologies, and GPRS is the upgrade over the basic GSM features. It allows the mobile handset to obtain much higher data speed than what standard GSM can offer.
  7. Traffic: GSM is used for circuit-switching traffic while GPRS is used for packet-switching traffic.
  8. States: In GSM UE will be two states, i.e., idle as well as ready while in GPRS UE will be in three states called idle, ready and standby.
  9. Area: In GSM location area-based concept is used while In GPRS routing area-based concept is used.
  10. Time slot: In GSM time slot is allocated both in uplink and downlink. Due to these radio resource allocation in GSM is called a symmetric type while in GPRS radio resource allocation is asymmetric, for example, it is possible to allocate the time slot only in downlink not in up-link when a user is only downloading the file.
  11. Billing: GSM has time-based billing while GPRS has traffic-based billing.
  12. Bandwidth: GSM has reserved bandwidth, and GPRS has shared bandwidth.
  13. Resources: GSM is an inefficient use of resources while GPRS is an efficient use of resources.
Related Article:

Difference between GSM and UMTS

GSM and UMTS are two prime technologies that form the backbone of cell phone communication. It is both mobile and network technology. Global system for mobile communication(GSM) is a second-generation (2G) cellular technology. Universal mobile telecommunication system(UMTS) is a third-generation (3G) mobile cellular technology. Here this article gives information about the difference between GSM and UMTS to know more details about it. 

What is Global Positioning System(GSM)?

The Global system for mobile communication(GSM) is a worldwide, mobile communication is mostly supported by this technology.  Secondgeneration|(2G) digital mobile systems are represented by the GSM standard set, which was created by the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI). After the third generation(3G) UMTS standard, developed by the 3GPP was developed, The GSM standard was further developed.

What is a Universal Mobile Telecommunication System(UMTS)?

Universal Mobile Telecommunication System(UMTS) is referred to as UMTS. Third-generation mobile cellular technology, or UMTS, is dependent on the GSM standard for networks. The third generation partnership project(3GPP) produces it. UMTS is a part of the IMT-2000 standard set by the International Telecommunication Union, for networks using CDMA technology. It is evaluated using the CDMA2000 standard set.

Difference between GSM and UMTS

  1. Full meaning: GSM  stands for global system for mobile communication. UMTS stands for universal mobile telecommunication system.
  2. Developed: GSM was developed in 1991-92, while the UMTA was developed in 2000.
  3. Frequency band: GSM uses frequencies like 850 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz while UMTS uses frequency. the band is like a various band from band to band, each band specifies frequency and UARFCN.
  4. Multiple access techniques: GSM is used in multiple access techniques like FDMA/TDMA Whereas In CDMA multiple access techniques can be used. 
  5. Carrier frequency: GSM used a carrier frequency of 200 KHz. On the other hand, UMTS used carrier frequency is 1230 KHz.
  6. Frame: GSM - frame duration is about 4.615 ms. In contrast, UMTS - frame duration is about 10 ms.
  7. Enhancement: GSM is enhanced to GPRS and EDGE, while UMTS is enhanced to HSPA and HSPA+.
  8. Channel rate: GSM - 270.833 Kbps. UMTS  - 1228.8 Kbps.
  9. Peak data rate: In GSM peak data rate is 384 kbps with EGDE, On the other hand, UMTS's peak data rate is 42 MBPS with HSPA+.
  10. Modulation efficiency: GSM - 1.35b/s/Hz. UMTS - 1.0b/s/Hz.
  11. Standard version: GSM use various versions such as R99, R5, R6, etc.  In UMTS there is various documents, especially by ETSI and 3GPP, 3GPP TS series.
Summary :
  • GSM is 2G and 2.5 G while UMTS is already 3G.
  • GSM is rather old technology while UMTS is newer.
  • UMTS has a faster data transfer rate compared to GSM.
  • GSM is typically based on FDMA/TDMA multiple access techniques while UMTS is mainly CDMA-based. 
  • GSM is still the most widely used technology today while UMTS is still in its infancy, slowly creeping forward.
Related Article:

Meaning of BJT

Bipolar Junction Transistor :
  • A BJT called a bipolar junction transistor is a three layer, two junction NPN or PNP semiconductor device with one p-region sandwiched by two n-region, Its called NPN transistor. With two p-region sandwiched one n-region, its called PNP transistor. First of all, let you know about BJT full form.
  • BJT are fabricated onto silicon integrated circuit chip. A single integrated circuit can contain many bipolar transistors, along with components such as capacitors, resistors,      and also diodes. 
  • The terms bipolar denotes that the current flow in the device is due to movement both side holes and electrons. 
  • A BJT has three terminal named collector (C), the emitter (E), and base (B). An emitter is indicated by an arrowhead indicating the direction of emitter current.
  • No arrow is associated with base or collector. The power transistor of NPN type is easy to manufacture and are cheaper also. 
  • Therefore, the use of power NPN transistor is very wide in high voltage and high current application. Hereafter, NPN  transistor would only be considered. 
  • Both NPN and PNP transistor are same in some way and related with each other but they may have differed from each other too. 
Why BJT used :

BJT used in many electronics circuits because base-emitter voltage varies as the logarithm of the base-emitter and collector-emitter currents. 
BJT can also be used to compute logarithms and anti-logarithms.  
Various diodes can also perform these nonlinear functions but the BJT provides more circuit flexibility.

Full form of WAN

What is the full form of WAN?

Answer :
  • Wide Area Network

What does WAN mean?

WAN is a large network, It is used to transmit data and information over a large geographical distance which may even span entire countries. WAN may be used advanced technology such as ATM, SONET, frame relay, and many more devices.

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Advantages and disadvantages of wide area network

The term WAN full form is wide area network, it can be used much-advanced technology such as ATM, SONET, frame relay and many more. It can cover multiple smaller networks such as LANs or MANs. WAN can connect computers all around the world together. So now let us check out the advantages and disadvantages of WAN to know more details about it.

Advantages of WAN :
  • Increase efficiency
  • Easy of communication
  • Large network cover
  • Share information over the large area
  • Message can be sent very quickly to anyone else on the network
  • It supports the global market and global business
  • Centralized IT infrastructure
  • Boost your privacy
Disadvantages of WAN :
  • It is slow in speed
  • It is complected and complex
  • It is difficult to maintain the network
  • It is very costly because we have to pay every time for transferring data
  • WAN is a big and complex problem
  • Very much dependent on the third party because it is a public network
  • WAN is not secure and means not reliable
  • Security problem
  • Training cost
  • Maintenance problem
  • Require high-performance device
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Difference between thyristor and TRIAC

The main difference between thyristor and TRIAC is that thyristor is a unidirectional device while in TRIAC as a bidirectional device. Now let us check it out the information about the difference between thyristor and TRIAC to know more details about it.
  • Thyristor also called SCR stands for silicon controlled rectifier while TRIAC stands for triode for alternating current.
  • Thyristor has four terminal semiconductor devices while TRIAC has a three-terminal semiconductor device.
  • The main difference between SCR and TRIAC is that SCR is a unidirectional device, TRIAC is a bidirectional device.
  • A thyristor is more reliable while TRIAC has less reliable.
  • Thyristor needs two heat sink whereas TRIAC needs only one heat sink.
  • A thyristor is available in a large rating while in TRIAC available in smaller ratings.
  • Uni-junction transistor is used for triggering in SCR but in TRIAC the DIAC is used for triggering.
  • Thyristor control DC power whereas TRIAC control DC as well as AC power.
  • A thyristor is only one mode of operation is possible while TRIAC has four different modes of operation is possible.
  • A thyristor can operate in only one quadrant V-I characteristics while TRIAC can operate only in two quadrant V-I characteristics.
  • A thyristor can be triggered by positive gate voltage only, the TRIAC can be triggered either by the positive or negative gate voltage.
  • The main disadvantage of TRIAC over thyristor is that has lower current capabilities.
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Difference between thyristor and MOSFET

We all know about what is thyristor and what is MOSFET. The main difference between thyristor and MOSFET is that thyristor called as SCR is a solid-state semiconductor device with four alternating P and N-type materials while in MOSFET is a metal-based field-effect transistor and it most commonly fabricated by the controlled oxidation of the silicon side. So that here this article gives information about the difference between thyristor and MOSFET to know more detail about it.

Related article: NMOS Vs CMOS

Difference between thyristor and MOSFET:

  • In thyristor majority carrier device current-driven device low switching speed low resistive input impedance while in MOSFET majority carrier device voltage-driven device high switching speed purely capacitive high input impedance.
  • Thyristor has only a single pulse to turn ON but MOSFET has no DC required to maintain conduction except during turn on and turn off.
  • The thyristor can be connected series easily with voltage equalizing circuit whereas in MOSFET series connection is difficult with voltage equalizing circuit.
  • The thyristor can be parallel with a forced current sharing circuit while in MOSFET can be easily paralleled due to the positive temperature coefficient of resistance of the device. 
  • Thyristor has less temperature-sensitive, no second breakdown but in MOSFET has too much temperature sensitivity, less susceptible to the second breakdown.
  • Thyristor has a most robust device, MOSFET has a less robust device.
  • Thyristor has a high voltage as well as a high current device while in MOSFET has a high current medium voltage device. 
  • Thyristor has low on stage voltage drop, MOSFET has a high ON stage voltage drop.

Difference between transistor and diode

The main difference between diode and transistor is that transistor is a three terminal device which passes current from high resistance region to low resistance region while the diode is a two-terminal device which current in only one direction from the anode to the cathode. This article gives the difference between the transistor and diode to know more details about it.

Definition :
  • A transistor is a semiconductor device which transfers the weak signal from low resistance circuit to high resistance circuit.
  • A diode is also a semiconductor device in which current flows only in one direction. 
Terminal :
  • Transistor has three terminal Base, Emitter and Collector.
  • A diode has two terminals anode and cathode.
Region :
  • Transistor cover the region in the emitter, collector, and base.
  • A diode has two region - P- region and N-region.
Formation :
  • Transistor is formed by sandwiching a layer of P-types and N-types material between two N-type or P-type material on either end.
  • a diode is formed by joining a P-type semiconductor with an N-type semiconductor.
Types :
  • Transistor has two types of bipolar transistors and also a field-effect transistor.
  • The diode has many types like Light-emitting diode, a Zener diode, tunnel diode, varactor diode, Schottky diode, junction diode.
Depletion region :
  • Transistor has two depletion regions.
  • The diode has one depletion region.
A number of junction :
  • Transistor has two junction, one in between emitter and base and other in between base and collector.
  • Diode has only junction P and N types of semiconductor.
Uses :
  • The transistor must be used amplifier, switches, regulator, rectification, oscillator.
  • Diode must be used clipping, clamping, voltage rectifier, voltage multipliers, non linear mixing of two voltage.
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